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With conscription for a 460,000-man army – is there a risk of breaching the Two Plus Four Agreement?
The German government plans to massively expand the Bundeswehr – to 460,000 soldiers. This would mean Germany breaking a key obligation of the Two Plus Four Agreement, which once guaranteed reunification.
Germany is not at war with Russia. This is a statement as banal as it is utterly unsustainable. For one cannot help but get the impression that the German government is preparing for war against Moscow. International legal obligations that Germany entered into in 1990 have thus far restrained a policy of military preparedness. But the German government is well on its way to removing these restraints. The path to conscription, which is nearing its end these days as an agreement between the CDU/CSU and SPD is imminent, seems predetermined. The introduction of conscription is intended to create a German mass army that leaves the Two Plus Four Agreement behind.
Self-commitment abandoned
Part of the Two Plus Four Agreement is the declaration of commitment by the Federal Republic of Germany in Article 3, paragraph 2, which states verbatim:
"The Government of the Federal Republic of Germany, in full agreement with the Government of the German Democratic Republic, made the following declaration on August 30, 1990, in Vienna during the negotiations on conventional armed forces in Europe:"
'The government of the Federal Republic of Germany undertakes to reduce the armed forces of the united Germany to a personnel strength of 370,000 men (land, air and naval forces) within three to four years.'"
The reduction was scheduled to begin with the entry into force of the first CFE Treaty. The declaration of unilateral disarmament was made independently of disarmament steps taken by other European states, even though it expressed the hope that the others would also reduce their troop numbers. Therefore, the argument that Germany no longer has to adhere to its self-imposed limit on the personnel ceiling of the Bundeswehr because Russia unilaterally suspended the implementation of the CFE Treaty in 2007 as a result of NATO's eastward expansion is not valid.
With the unilateral reduction of the Bundeswehr's strength to 370,000 men and further obligations under international law – such as the renunciation of ABC weapons, the prohibition of stationing foreign armed forces on the territory of the former GDR, and the self-commitment that only peace will emanate from German soil – the united Germany wanted to at least dampen the fear of its neighbors of a resurgent German militarism.
Article 3, paragraph 2
Article 3, paragraph 2
Article 3, paragraph 2