>>24996432
from Google AI:
question:
what happened to Cluny abby and the order?
answer:
"The downfall of Cluny Abbey and the Cluniac Order is a dramatic, two-part story. It began with a long, slow internal decline during the late Middle Ages and culminated in a sudden, violent annihilation during the French Revolution.
Part 1: The Internal Decline of the OrderAt its zenith in the 11th and 12th centuries, the Cluniac Order was a victim of its own success. It became fabulously wealthy from the donations of kings and nobles seeking salvation.The Loss of Austerity: Because the monks spent up to eight hours a day performing lavish, highly orchestrated musical liturgies, they completely abandoned conventional manual labor. They hired laypeople to do the farming and chores, while the monks lived increasingly comfortable, aristocratic lives surrounded by gold, fine silks, and grand architecture.New Competition: In the late 12th century, a group of disillusioned Benedictine monks rebelled against Cluny's luxury. Led by St. Bernard of Clairvaux, they founded the Cistercian Order, which championed extreme poverty, wilderness isolation, and hard manual labor. The spiritual center of gravity in Europe shifted from the wealthy Cluniacs to the austere Cistercians.The "Commendam" System: By the 15th and 16th centuries, the French Crown took control of appointing the Abbots of Cluny. Instead of spiritual leaders, the abbey was given to wealthy, non-resident nobles (including famous politicians like Cardinal Richelieu and Cardinal Mazarin) as a financial reward. They drained the abbey’s revenues while rarely setting foot in it.
Part 2: The French Revolution and the "Stone Quarry"By 1789, Cluny Abbey was a ghost of its former self, housing only a handful of monks. When the French Revolution broke out, the deep public resentment against the wealth and power of the Catholic Church sealed Cluny's fate.1790 (The Order is Suppressed): The revolutionary government passed laws dissolving all monastic orders. Cluny was officially suppressed, and the remaining 12 monks were permanently expelled in 1791.1798 (Sold Off as Scrap Material): The state seized the massive complex and auctioned it off to local material merchants for 60,000 francs.The Destruction: The new owners treated the largest church in Christendom as a giant stone quarry. Over the course of 25 years (until 1823), the magnificent Maior Ecclesia was systematically blown up with gunpowder and dismantled piece by piece to build houses and roads in the surrounding town.
Does the Cluniac Order Still Exist Today?Strictly speaking, no. The centralized administrative network known as the Cluniac Order completely ceased to exist in 1790. Unlike other medieval groups, there is no longer a distinct "Cluniac" branch of monks answering to a Grand Abbot.However, its spiritual legacy lives on in two ways:The Subiaco Cassinese Congregation: The surviving remnants of Cluniac traditions were absorbed back into the broader, mainstream Benedictine Order. Monasteries like Our Lady of Clear Creek Abbey in Oklahoma, USA, still practice traditional Benedictine life heavily inspired by Cluniac monastic customs (such as solemn Gregorian chant and traditional liturgy).The European Federation of Cluniac Sites: Today, a cultural network recognized by the Council of Europe connects more than 150 historical Cluniac ruins and towns across Europe to preserve the immense musical, artistic, and architectural heritage the order left behind."