The tiny island where Chinese mothers travel to give birth to American babies
Saipan has become a hotspot for birth tourism, raising concerns Beijing is breeding passport-equipped spies
Published 26 September 2026 12:00pmVery long article1/2
On a sticky summer’s day in July, a blue-and-white handbag stuffed with cash was shoved into Melanie’s* hands. It had been given to her by a 36-year-old Chinese woman as she was rushed into surgery for a C-section. Melanie had been called to the main hospital on the remote island of Saipan to translate for the woman, who had travelled alone from China to give birth in the US territory, automatically giving her baby US citizenship.
“She told me she came for the US passport,” Melanie said.“She said, ‘I don’t have too much money, but I want to give my kids two choices: China or another country. The US passport gives me two countries.’”Melanie speaks both English and Chinese, a skill that has become increasingly vital on Saipan as translators help pregnant Chinese women to navigate the island’s one hospital and tiny clinics.
The network of translators – some of whom are freelancers and some of whom work for birth tourism companies – has become part of the birth tourism economy. “In China, most cities are very poor, so they don’t want to stay there,” Melanie explained. “If they can’t get to the US, then they come to Saipan.” Melanie said she would prefer not to reveal the name of the woman or her baby. That is not unusual. Melanie doesn’t work for a birth tourism company, but the hospital often calls her in to act on new mothers’ behalf.
Many of the women who come to Saipan specifically to give birth to American children are reluctant to discuss what they are doing, wary of drawing attention to a practice that has become increasingly controversial on the tiny Pacific island, and that Donald Trump is at pains to outlaw.
On Aug 6, the US president signed an executive order declaring his intention to end birth tourism.Travelling to the US explicitly to give birth, thus gaining automatic citizenship for your child, is an exploitative practice, Mr Trump said, adding that “American citizenship embodies a sacred bond between the American people and their nation”.
“Under Secretary Rubio’s leadership, the Department of State is taking action around the world to stop this abuse, dismantle birth tourism networks, and hold accountable those who try to scam our system,” a state department spokesman said.
Although it is a 30-hour flight away, Saipan has been a US territory since 1986. Despite being only 5 miles wide, with a population of just 50,000 and almost no economy to speak of, the island occupies one of the most militarily and geographically significant positions in East Asia. Some 1,700 miles away from Taiwan, 1,800 miles from China and 1,400 miles from Japan, it is the US front line of Western democracy in East Asia, and an hour’s plane journey from Guam – where the US has established a major military base.
Saipan’s unique geographical position meant that it played a key role in ending the Second World War. In 1944, the US captured the island from Japanese soldiers. Its neighbouring island, Tinian, became the site from which Hiroshima was bombed owing to its proximity to Japan.But what was once considered a useful US outpostin the East has become a potential point of risk thanks to unique visa regulations which, unlike anywhere else in the United States – or indeed the West – allow Chinese tourists to visit the countryvirtually visa-free.
Now, experts are worried that Saipan is being exploitedas an easy route into the US, that birth tourism has enabled the Chinese government to breed spies with American passports, and, perhaps most alarmingly, that the island may be subject to a Chinese soft-power campaign that could leave the US vulnerable to attack.
On the muggy day in July that Melanie rushed to the hospital, the Chinese woman she was translating for told her she had saved up for more than five years to have her baby in Saipan. The handbag she was given was stuffed with cash and a credit card to pay for the birth. The woman had come alone and had no one to hold it while she went in for the C-section. She gave birth to a son. She didn’t look rich, only regular,” Melanie said. “She said she would pay for everything. She had enough money, and then she could get a birth certificate and the baby’s passport.” In total, Melanie has translated for four Chinese mothers who gave birth to American babies on Saipan this year alone,but she believes there are more than 10 translators who do the same job on the island. There are suggestions that the same practices could be happening on the nearby island of Guam too, but stricter visa rules there make it less common.
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