How is it prevented?
No vaccine is available to prevent any type of typhus infection.
The best way to prevent typhus infections is to minimize exposure to the ectoparasite vectors (human body lice, fleas, ticks and mites) and rodents which may carry infected fleas. This includes the use of personal insect repellents and self-examination of the skin after visits to vector-infested areas. Wearing protective clothing impregnated with tick-repellent when in the bush further reduces the risk of tick and mite bites.
People at increased risk epidemic typhus include those who work with displaced populations in impoverished areas, such as in refugee camps. The risk increases during the colder months when human activities encourage the spread of human body lice. Residual insecticide powders may be regularly applied to clothes or to the skin for people living in these high risk conditions.
Protective masks should be worn when cleaning areas heavily infested by rodents to reduce the risk of murine typhus from inhaled dust contaminated by rodent faeces.
Antibiotics are generally only used for treatment of symptomatic typhus infections. Antibiotics should not routinely be used as prophylaxis but may be occasionally recommended for use by people at high risk of exposure, such as those working in endemic areas (e.g. soldiers at risk of scrub typhus may be prescribed doxycycline prophylaxis)
https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/Infectious/factsheets/Pages/typhus.aspx