Q Research [Pharma] Thread #1

Post news regarding [Pharma] in here, for example about cures, lawsuits, Pharma/food/etc.-fuckery, studies, etc.

ALWAYS use archiving sites like archive.org or archive.is and post original sauce link as well as the archived link

ALWAYS include the date as well, please use American format (MM/DD/YYYY)

When possible, please create a screenshot of the sauce using for example https://web-capture.net

When you post/see a relevant post on Q Research General or any other bread, please post it on here as well

We are researchers who deal in open-source information, reasoned argument, and dank memes. We do battle in the sphere of ideas and ideas only. We neither need nor condone the use of force in our work here.

Welcome to Q Research (README FIRST, THEN PROCEED TO LURK) https://8ch.net/qresearch/welcome.html

CURE NEWS: 08/24/2018

For first time in 40 years, cure for acute leukemia within reach

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-08/thuo-fft082418.php

http://archive.is/hnU01

Acute myeloid leukemia is one of the most aggressive cancers. While other cancers have benefitted from new treatments, there has been no encouraging news for most leukemia patients for the past 40 years. Until now.

As published today in the scientific journal Cell, Professor Yinon Ben-Neriah and his research team at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HU)'s Faculty of Medicine have developed a new biological drug with a cure rate of 50% for lab mice with acute leukemia.

CURE NEWS: 08/24/2018

New Therapy Could Reverse Type 1 Diabetes In Humans and Dogs

https://www.forbes.com/sites/robinseatonjefferson/2018/08/24/new-therapy-could-reverse-type-1-diabetes-in-humans-and-dogs/

https://web.archive.org/web/20180825113140/www.forbes.com/sites/robinseatonjefferson/2018/08/24/new-therapy-could-reverse-type-1-diabetes-in-humans-and-dogs/

Researchers at Purdue University and Indiana University School of Medicine (IU) are working with man’s best friend to cure one of his most insidious diseases.

The scientists say a new therapy shows promise for long-term reversal of Type 1 diabetes in both humans and dogs.

Purdue reported this week that scientists achieved normal glucose levels in diabetes-induced mice by injecting them with a collagen solution mixed with pancreatic cells. It is the first minimally invasive therapy to successfully reverse Type 1 diabetes within 24 hours and maintain insulin independence for at least 90 days, scientists report.

Researchers effectively ushered in healthy pancreatic cells like a Trojan horse, with the Trojan horse being a protein the body already makes for building muscles, bones, skin and blood vessels—collagen.

CURE NEWS: 09/11/2018

Could this vaccine be the cure to skin cancer?

https://nypost.com/2018/09/11/could-this-vaccine-be-the-cure-to-skin-cancer/

https://web.archive.org/web/20180912052945/https://nypost.com/2018/09/11/could-this-vaccine-be-the-cure-to-skin-cancer/

A new cancer vaccine has shown a 100 percent success rate when treating aggressive melanoma in mice.

Researchers at Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla, Calif., and the University of Texas in Dallas, gave mice suffering from melanoma a cancer immunotherapy drug called anti-PD-L1, which prevents tumor cells from attacking their immune systems. The study found that rodents who were also given Diprovocim, a chemical compound that’s meant to galvanize the immune system, had a 100 percent survival rate.

And attempts to re-introduce cancer tumors in these vaccinated mice failed.

While more research needs to be done to determine the vaccine’s effectiveness in humans, researchers are hopeful about their findings.

CURE NEWS: 09/13/2018

Schizophrenia breakthrough: Scientists identify new suspect at 'scene of crime'

https://www.smh.com.au/healthcare/schizophrenia-breakthrough-scientists-suspect-immune-cells-20180412-p4z986.html

https://web.archive.org/web/20180913130153/https://www.smh.com.au/healthcare/schizophrenia-breakthrough-scientists-suspect-immune-cells-20180412-p4z986.html

As a type of immune cell, it has always been considered one of the good guys. But in a stunning breakthrough in schizophrenia research, scientists say the "macrophage" immune cell can go rogue, causing havoc in the brain.

"Macrophage" means "big eaters" in Greek and is a fitting name for the cell because - when behaving - it digests cellular debris and foreign substances.

Australian researchers have, for the first time, identified the presence of macrophage cells in the brain tissue of a subgroup of people with schizophrenia.

"It's like a murder mystery, one that’s remained unsolved for a hundred years," Professor Cyndi Shannon Weickert from Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA) said.

CURE NEWS: 09/24/2018

New Electrical Stimulation Therapy Allows Paralyzed Patients to Walk Again

https://sputniknews.com/science/201809241068298880-Electrical-Therapy-Paralyzed-Walk-Again/

http://archive.is/Suwx0

Two recently published studies demonstrating the ability of epidural electrical stimulation (EES) to restore motor ability in some patients with complete spinal cord injuries provide a powerful proof of concept for healing partially paralyzed people.

Simultaneous studies published in the New England Journal of Medicine and in Nature Medicine on September 24 report that following months of EES, patients who had no "voluntary movement or sphincter function below the level of injury," but retained some sensation, were able to recover some of their mobility and walk upright using a walker.

The second study, done by the Mayo Clinic, reported on only a single patient, but that person, using a similar method for 43 weeks of "dynamic task-specific training in the presence of EES, termed multi-modal rehabilitation (MMR)," was able to regain "bilateral stepping on a treadmill, independent from trainer assistance or BWS [body weight support system]," the study reported. Further, the therapy "enabled independent stepping over ground while using a front-wheeled walker with trainer assistance at the hips to maintain balance" and "engaged sensorimotor networks to achieve dynamic performance of standing and stepping."

CURE NEWS: 09/28/2018

FDA approves first treatment for advanced form of the second most common skin cancer

New drug targets PD-1 pathway

https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-treatment-advanced-form-second-most-common-skin-cancer-0

http://archive.is/WwySI

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved Libtayo (cemiplimab-rwlc) injection for intravenous use for the treatment of patients with metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) or locally advanced CSCC who are not candidates for curative surgery or curative radiation. This is the first FDA approval of a drug specifically for advanced CSCC.

Libtayo works by targeting the cellular pathway known as PD-1 (protein found on the body’s immune cells and some cancer cells). By blocking this pathway, the drug may help the body’s immune system fight the cancer cells.

"We’re continuing to see a shift in oncology toward identifying and developing drugs aimed at a specific molecular target. With the Libtayo approval, the FDA has approved six immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the the PD-1 / PD-L1 pathway for treating a variety of tumors, from bladder to head and neck cancer, and now advanced CSCC,” said Richard Pazdur, M.D., director of the FDA’s Oncology Center of Excellence and acting director of the Office of Hematology and Oncology Products in the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. “This type of cancer can be difficult to treat effectively when it is advanced and it is important that we continue to bring new treatment options to patients."

CURE NEWS: 10/20/2018

Immunotherapy drug showing promise for aggressive type of breast cancer

https://www.cbsnews.com/news/tecentriq-immunotherpy-triple-negative-breast-cancer-shows-promise/

Scientists say a new treatment is showing promise in the fight against aggressive breast cancer. Three years ago, at age 39, Maribel Ramos was diagnosed with advanced breast cancer. The type was triple negative.

"I was angry and sad," Ramos said. "Because I know that the triple negative is a type of cancer that is really hard to treat."

Ten to 20 percent of breast cancers are called triple negative because they don't have receptors - such as ones for estrogen - that can be targeted by certain medications. Treatment options are limited, and these cancers tend to be more aggressive, with worse outcomes.

In 2016, Ramos entered a trial to test the immunotherapy drug Tecentriq on patients with advanced triple negative breast cancer.

CURE NEWS: 10/28/2018

Historic breakthrough: WVU Rockefeller Neuroscience team first to use ultrasound to treat Alzheimer's

https://www.wvnews.com/news/wvnews/historic-breakthrough-wvu-rockefeller-neuroscience-team-first-to-use-ultrasound/article_cfe6fefc-eee9-5add-b853-23642a0a91a7.html

https://web.archive.org/web/20181215220605/https://www.wvnews.com/news/wvnews/historic-breakthrough-wvu-rockefeller-neuroscience-team-first-to-use-ultrasound/article_cfe6fefc-eee9-5add-b853-23642a0a91a7.html

World-leading brain experts at West Virginia University’s Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute are celebrating the historic breakthrough Alzheimer patients around the globe have been awaiting.

"For Alzheimer’s, there’s not that many treatments available, despite hundreds of clinical trials over the past two decades and billions of dollars spent," said Dr. Ali R. Rezai, a neurosurgeon at WVU who led the team of investigators that successfully performed a phase II trial using focused ultrasound to treat a patient with early stage Alzheimer’s.

The WVU team tested the innovative treatment in collaboration with INSIGHTEC, an Israeli medical technology company. Earlier this year, INSIGHTEC was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to begin a phase II clinical trial of the procedure, and selected the WVU Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute as the first site in the United States for that trial.

Last summer, researchers at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre in Toronto reported the results of a phase I safety trial showing they could reversibly open the blood-brain barrier in Alzheimer’s patients.

>>6891745

http://archive.is/R3jF1

CURE NEWS: 11/01/2018

Is an HIV cure on the immediate horizon? A major medical breakthrough delivers hope

https://www.news.com.au/technology/science/human-body/is-an-hiv-cure-on-the-immediate-horizon-a-major-medical-breakthrough-delivers-hope/news-story/73337f26a96c8a794ed7bf29e8f21195

http://archive.is/1ny8U

RESEARCHERS believe they are on the cusp of developing a cure for HIV, after a groundbreaking initial human trial of a drug eliminated the virus.

A TEAM of medical researchers believes they are on the cusp of developing a cure for HIV, after an initial human clinical trial delivered astounding results.

In the first phase of testing, the drug Gammora eliminated up to 99 per cent of the virus within the first four weeks of treatment, it was announced today.

Zion Medical, an Israeli biotech company, has worked in conjunction with the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, on the trials.

The groundbreaking results showed the drug significantly reduced the viral load in human subjects by killing HIV-infected cells without harming healthy ones.

While it’s the first stage of exploration and a small-scale start, it has offered significant hope of a potential cure for the virus, which first emerged 35 years ago.

"These first clinical results were beyond our expectations and promise hope in finding a cure for the disease," Dr Esmira Naftali, head of development at Zion Medical, said.

CURE NEWS: 06/02/2019

Mexican scientist cures the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

https://www.eluniversal.com.mx/english/mexican-scientist-cures-human-papilloma-virus

http://archive.is/gBfuy

Eva Ramón Gallegos, a researcher from Mexico National Polytechnic Institute (IPN) was able to completely eradicate the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) in 29 patients.

This scientific achievement was accomplished through photodynamic therapy, a non-invasive technique that seems to be an efficient method to prevent malignant neoplasm, which is the second cause of death among Mexican women.

The scientists from the National Biological Sciences School explained that she has studied the effects of photodynamic therapy for 20 years and said she was treated 420 patients in Oaxaca and Veracruz with this method, as well as 29 women in Mexico City.

CURE NEWS: 04/08/2019

Cancer 'vaccine' shows promise in human trial of lymphoma patients

https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/08/cancer-vaccine-shows-promise-in-human-trial-of-lymphoma-patients.html

http://archive.is/mCqkq

An experimental cancer "vaccine" showed promising results in a small clinical trial of patients with lymphoma, according to a study published Monday in the journal Nature Medicine.

Researchers at New York's Mount Sinai Hospital tested the treatment in 11 patients with lymphoma. Their results were successful enough to warrant another clinical trial in March on lymphoma patients as well as breast and head-and-neck cancer.

Researchers said some patients in the initial human trial went into full remission for months or even years.

The treatment "has broad implications for multiple types of cancer," said lead author, Dr. Joshua Brody, director of the lymphoma immunotherapy program. "This method could also increase the success of other immunotherapies such as checkpoint blockade."

CURE NEWS: 04/10/2019

Fecal transplants yield MASSIVE breakthrough for child autism, 50% reduction in severity

https://www.rt.com/news/456148-fecal-transplants-autism-breakthrough/

http://archive.is/vvmB7

Scientists are celebrating a "world-first discovery" which shows the "highest improvement" in child autism patients, using fecal transplants to massively curtail symptoms and greatly reduce suffering.

The results of the initial study involving 18 children show great promise: 83 percent of the children had "severe" autism symptoms, but just two years later, only 17 percent had "moderate" symptoms, while 44 percent fell below the threshold for "mild" autism.

The team recorded a roughly 45-percent drop in language, social, and behavioural issues in the children over the course of the study.

FUCKERY NEWS: 01/10/2019

Oral-B Glide floss tied to potentially toxic PFAS chemicals, study suggests

https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2019/01/09/oral-b-glide-floss-toxic-pfas-chemicals-study/2530661002/

http://archive.is/XhczM

Using Oral-B Glide dental floss might be associated with higher levels of toxic PFAS chemicals in your body, according to a new peer-reviewed study of consumer behaviors potentially linked to the substances.

PFAS, or per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, are potentially harmful chemicals often used for their water and grease resistance.

The study, which aimed to explain how these chemicals enter the human body, was published Tuesday in the Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology and comes from the Silent Spring Institute in Newton, Massachusetts, and Public Health Institute in Berkeley, California.

Researchers found higher levels of PFHxS (perfluorohexanesulfonic acid), a PFAS, in women who flossed with Oral-B Glide compared to those who didn't.

"This is the first study to show that using dental floss containing PFAS is associated with a higher body burden of these toxic chemicals," lead author Katie Boronow, a scientist at Silent Spring, said in a statement.

FUCKERY NEWS: 05/07/2019

Sunscreen chemicals seep into your bloodstream after one day of use: study

https://nypost.com/2019/05/07/sunscreen-chemicals-seep-into-your-bloodstream-after-one-day-of-use-study/

http://archive.is/MC4IU

The chemicals in popular sunscreens don’t just sit on the surface of the skin — many of them are absorbed into the bloodstream at levels that far surpass government-recommended thresholds for the compounds, according to a new study.

The results of the study, published Monday in the peer-reviewed journal JAMA, don’t mean that the active ingredients contained in sunscreen are unsafe, according to an editorial accompanying the study, written by Food and Drug Administration chairman Robert Califf and JAMA dermatology editor in chief Kanade Shinkai.

But the findings should give the industry pause, the researchers said.

"The study findings raise many important questions about sunscreen and the process by which the sunscreen industry, clinicians, specialty organizations, and regulatory agencies evaluate the benefits and risks of this topical OTC medication," the authors wrote.

CURE NEWS: 12/18/2018

Biologists identify promising drug for ALS (Lou Gehrig's disease) treatment

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/12/181218123120.htm

http://archive.is/5Cpyx

A new drug could significantly slow the progression of ALS, also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, according to new research by University of Alberta biologists. Current treatments slow progression of the degenerative disease by only a few months, and these findings could revolutionize the treatment of patients suffering from ALS, extending and improving quality of life.

The drug, called telbivudine, targets a protein that misfolds and does not function correctly in patients with ALS. "SOD1 is a protein that is known to misfold and misbehave in most cases of patients with ALS," explained Ted Allison, associate professor in the Department of Biological Sciences and co-author on the study. "We showed that telbivudine can greatly reduce the toxic properties of SOD1, including improving the health of the subject's motor neurons and improving movement."

The research team used computer simulations to identify drugs with the potential for targeting the SOD1 protein. From this shortlist, the scientists identified and tested the most likely candidates – including telbivudine – using animal models.

"ALS is not well-understood," said lead author Michele DuVal, who recently completed the PhD portion of the Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry'sMD/PhD program under the supervision of Allison. "We don't yet know exactly what goes wrong first in the motor neurons or how the misbehaving SOD1 causes toxicity. Because there is still much to learn about the disease, the ALS research community focuses on both understanding ALS and on developing promising therapies."

The discovery of telbivudine as a potential treatment is particularly exciting because the drug is already in use for treating patients with hepatitis. "It is already proven safe to use in patients, and it has very good potential for repurposing to use in a new clinical setting against ALS," said Allison.

FUCKERY NEWS: 06/05/2019

Pfizer didn't reveal drug's Alzheimer's preventing abilities

https://thehill.com/homenews/news/447114-drug-company-didnt-reveal-alzheimers-preventing-abilities-report

http://archive.is/fm4oM

A U.S. drug company did not openly share or perform further studies on a successful rheumatoid arthritis medicine that internal researchers suggested was reducing the risk of Alzheimer's disease by 64 percent, according to Washington Post article published Tuesday.

Researchers at Pfizer reportedly urged the firm to conduct a clinical trial after finding the potential hidden benefit of the anti-inflammatory drug Enbrel while analyzing insurance claims.

It was estimated to cost $80 million to conduct the trial, and Pfizer decided to pass.

Pfizer told the Post it did not pursue the clinical trial because its success rate would likely be low.

Enbrel had reached the end of its patent life and its profits were dwindling, meaning it may have made little business sense to invest in the trial, according to the Post.

Outside researchers said it would've helped the medical community for Pfizer to publish its findings, since doing so could have led to further discoveries about the complicated disease.

"It would benefit the scientific community to have that data out there,’’ said Keenan Walker, an assistant professor of medicine at Johns Hopkins who is studying how inflammation contributes to Alzheimer’s. "Whether it was positive data or negative data, it gives us more information to make better informed decisions.’’

At least one medical ethicist agreed.

"Having acquired the knowledge, refusing to disclose it to those who might act upon it hides a potential benefit, and thereby wrongs and probably harms those at risk of developing Alzheimer’s by impeding research,’’ Bobbie Farsides, professor of clinical and biomedical ethics at Brighton and Sussex Medical School in the United Kingdom, told the Post.

FUCKERY NEWS: 11/29/2018

Vaccine Boom, Population Bust: Study Queries the Link Between HPV Vaccine and Soaring Infertility

https://www.theepochtimes.com/vaccine-boom-population-bust-study-queries-the-link-between-hpv-vaccine-and-soaring-infertility_2727094.html

http://archive.is/3qKAY

A plague is spreading silently across the globe. The young generation in America, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Japan, Australia—in virtually every western country—is afflicted by rapidly increasing rates of infertility.

…

So, earlier this month, when an unprecedented study was released that looked at a database of more than eight million American women and singled out a whopping 25 percent increase in childlessness associated with one ubiquitous drug that young women have been taking for only a decade—in tandem with a marked decline in fecundity—you would have thought there would be significant interest from public health, the medical profession and the media, wouldn’t you?

…

Instead, all three of these behemoths remain stone silent. The reason? Because the study, published in the current Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, examines the childbearing capacity of women who received the human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine—compared to those who didn’t—and the results are chilling. No one in public health, medicine or mainstream media, which are tangled up in the money-making machine of this vaccine, dare to publicly question the “safe and effective” mantra they’ve promulgated about Merck and GSK pharmaceuticals’ “blockbuster” commodity worth billions.

The study is by Gayle DeLong, associate professor of economics and finance, at Baruch College at City University of New York. She observed that the declining birth rate had plunged in America in recent years—from 118 per 1,000 in 2007, to 105 in 2015 for the cohort aged 25 to 29.

The HPV vaccine was approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in the US in 2006 to prevent cervical cancer—an illness women face a 0.6 percent lifetime risk of being diagnosed with. Although it is diagnosed most frequently at age 47 in the United States, it was rolled out en masse, initially targeting girls aged 11 to 26 (and has since been marketed to boys as young as nine to prevent rare anal and penile cancers—a disease that afflicts 0.2 percent of men in their lifetime.).

FUCKERY NEWS: 03/24/2019

Supermarket ham and bacon may contain 'pointless' chemicals that are linked to cancer, leaked report reveals

https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-6845851/Supermarket-ham-bacon-contain-pointless-chemicals-linked-cancer.html

https://web.archive.org/web/20190325214648/https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-6845851/Supermarket-ham-bacon-contain-pointless-chemicals-linked-cancer.html

• Some meats contain nitrites that are used to preserve the foods and kill bacteria

• These are also used to maintain the meats pink colour because it looks better

• But a leaked report for the British Meat Processors Association suggests they have no effect on botulinum bacteria

• Nitrites have been linked to some cancers but may be a 'pointless' preservative

Chemicals linked to cancer in processed ham and bacon do not need to be used, a leaked report has revealed.

Many of the meats on supermarket shelves contain nitrites – which are both a powerful preservative and are supposed to kill botulinum bacteria, which can cause food poisoning.

However, research for the British Meat Processors Association by the scientific consultancy Campden has revealed that nitrites do not attack the bug.

NEWS: 06/10/2019

Study: Unhealthy Gut Promotes Spread of Breast Cancer

https://news.virginia.edu/content/study-unhealthy-gut-promotes-spread-breast-cancer

http://archive.is/fGOty

An unhealthy, inflamed gut causes breast cancer to become much more invasive and spread more quickly to other parts of the body, new research from the University of Virginia Cancer Center suggests.

Melanie Rutkowski, a research faculty member in UVA’s Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, found that disrupting the microbiome of mice caused hormone receptor-positive breast cancer to become more aggressive. Altering the microbiome, the collection of microorganisms that live in the gut and elsewhere, had dramatic effects in the body, priming the cancer to spread.

"When we disrupted the microbiome’s equilibrium in mice by chronically treating them with antibiotics, it resulted in inflammation systemically and within the mammary tissue," she said. "In this inflamed environment, tumor cells were much more able to disseminate from the tissue into the blood and to the lungs, which is a major site for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer to metastasize."

FUCKERY NEWS: 12/14/2018

Johnson & Johnson knew for decades that asbestos lurked in its Baby Powder

https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/johnsonandjohnson-cancer/

http://archive.is/KgTfW

Facing thousands of lawsuits alleging that its talc caused cancer, J&J insists on the safety and purity of its iconic product. But internal documents examined by Reuters show that the company's powder was sometimes tainted with carcinogenic asbestos and that J&J kept that information from regulators and the public.

…

J&J didn’t tell the FDA that at least three tests by three different labs from 1972 to 1975 had found asbestos in its talc – in one case at levels reported as “rather high.”

…

NEWS: 05/29/2019

Biological, Behavioral and Physiological Consequences of Drug-Induced Pregnancy Termination at First-Trimester Human Equivalent in an Animal Model

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2019.00544/full

http://archive.is/WGCyW

Conclusion

To our knowledge, our study is the first report addressing the potential biological, behavioral and biochemical effects associated with pregnancy termination in an animal model. Additionally, the findings of this study also appear to provide additional support to the current literature pertaining to the benefits of carrying a pregnancy to full-term. Moreover, we believe that our findings support the use of this model as an objective method for the investigation of potential physical (biological and physiological) and behavioral effects of induced pregnancy termination. Our findings strongly suggest that pregnancy termination at mid-term (first-trimester human equivalent) induces significant negative biological and behavioral changes in the rat. Additionally, such a procedure appears to be associated with a potential absence of beneficial effects of carrying a pregnancy to full-term. Moreover, our findings also appear to indicate a significant difference between induced pregnancy termination (medical abortion) and natural miscarriage. Our study, therefore, indicates the importance and necessity for further objective research into the abortion procedure, including at the physiological and neurophysiological levels. Such work may further our understanding and potentially shed some clarity into the potential biobehavioral impact of such a procedure at the level of the human person.

FUCKERY NEWS: 03/11/1999

Poison from the prisons - Tainted blood

https://www.economist.com/united-states/1999/03/11/poison-from-the-prisons

http://archive.is/4mwad

AT THE end of February, a group of Canadian haemophiliacs infected with HIV and hepatitis C descended on Washington. They want an inquiry into why the United States, particularly the federal Food and Drug Administration, allowed the export of tainted prison plasma from Arkansas and Louisiana to Canada in the 1980s. At the time, Bill Clinton was governor of Arkansas, and the FDA had already ruled that prison plasma was too unsafe to be used for the manufacture of blood products inside the United States.

…

Yet not only did the prisons run such a programme from 1969 on, they were often in trouble for it. In Cummins, even when the existence of AIDS and hepatitis C was recognised and tests for these diseases became available, they were not aways used; the FDA discovered that one hepatitis-testing laboratory was out of action for two months. Needles were often dirty, so that many inmates now claim to have been infected as they gave blood. (People caught in homosexual acts were, however, removed from the list of suitable donors.)

…

Francis Henderson, the creator of HMA and chairman of its board, maintains that AIDS cases simply did not exist in the South during the 1980s, and that prison plasma was no riskier than other kinds. However, Art Lockhart, then director of the Arkansas Department of Correction, contributed in 1984 to an information bulletin about prison plasma centres published by the American Correctional Association, in which prison populations were said to be at high risk, and concerns were raised about “quality control” in taking blood from them. Despite this, the Arkansas Department of Correction went on running its plasma programme for another decade.

…

FUCKERY NEWS: 2014

Blood money: Bayer's inventory of HIV-contaminated blood products and third world hemophiliacs.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24785997

https://web.archive.org/web/20150423041754/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24785997

Abstract

This article presents an overlooked case of research misconduct and violations of basic principles of medical and business ethics. When Bayer's Cutter Laboratories realized that their blood products, Factor VIII and IX or antihemophiliac factor (AHF), were contaminated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the financial investment in the product was considered too high to destroy the inventory. Cutter misrepresented the results of its own research and sold the contaminated AHF to overseas markets in Asia and Latin America without the precaution of heat treating the product recommended for eliminating the risk. As a consequence, hemophiliacs who infused the HIV-contaminated Factor VIII and IX tested positive for HIV and developed AIDS.

FUCKERY NEWS: 05/23/2003

Bayer division 'knowingly sold' HIV-infected protein

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/may/23/aids.suzannegoldenberg

http://archive.is/vxbUN

A division of the German pharmaceutical company Bayer knowingly sold blood-clotting agents infected with HIV to Asia and Latin America months after withdrawing them from Europe and the US, an American newspaper claimed yesterday.

Cutter Biological continued to dump stocks of the factor VIII blood-clotting agent for haemophiliacs on poor countries for nearly a year after introducing a safer alternative, the report in the New York Times said.

It happened in the early 80s, after the Centres for Disease Control in Atlanta, Georgia, reported in July 1982 that haemophiliacs were becoming ill from blood products.

Up to that time factor VIII, produced from the plasma of about 10,000 donors, was not screened for HIV, and it became a leading killer of haemophiliacs in the early years of Aids.

06/11/2019

Sick from stress?

"“We know that there’s strong crosstalk between the immune system and the microbiota,"

A study by Bar-Ilan University has found that chronic social and psychological stress is recognized by some of the bacteria in the gut, which causes them to become more “violent.”

In response, the immune system kicks in and the result can be an increased risk for autoimmune disease in susceptible individuals.

“Many studies support the notion that stressful life events play a role in the etiopathogenesis of autoimmune disorders,” Orly Avni of the Azrieli Faculty of Medicine at Bar-Ilan University explained. “Stress-triggered neuroendocrine hormones lead to immune dysregulation, but considering the recently appreciated gut-brain-microbiota axis, and the well-known microbiota-immune interactions, we asked whether and how the brain-microbiota-immune triangle is involved in stress-promoting autoimmunity.”

The National Institutes of Health estimates that more than 20 million people in the United States, the vast majority of whom are women, have autoimmune disease. Worldwide, the incidence of autoimmune disease is estimated at 5%. Examples of autoimmune disease are multiple sclerosis, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile diabetes, scleroderma, and pulmonary fibrosis.

The study, conducted by Avni with Ph.D. student Michal Werbner and lab manager Yiftah Barsheshet and published in mSystems, was conducted on two groups of mice. One was exposed to stress in the form of daily, threatening encounters with other “dominant and aggressive” mice. The other group was left alone. After 10 days, the researchers analyzed the gut microbiome of each group and found that the stressed mice had higher levels of some bacteria. Those included Bilophila and Dehalobacterium microbes, genera that have been observed at unusually high levels in patients with multiple sclerosis, for example.

Further, the study showed that stress led to the activation of bacterial genes related to potentially violent traits – including growth, motility and signals sent between a pathogen and a host. Microbes with these traits can travel to other parts of the body, including lymph nodes, and elicit an immune response.

“We know that there’s strong crosstalk between the immune system and the microbiota,” Avni said. This study showed that social stress changed both the composition and transcriptional patterns in the microbiota, “and the consequent immune response to that threat jeopardized the tolerance to self.”

In other words, researchers found that the onset of stress caused changes in the intestinal bacteria that, in turn, stimulated the activity of immune cells in a way that increased the likelihood that the body would attack itself.

Avni told The Jerusalem Post that if this reaction could be better understood, it could offer opportunities for potential treatment, including through the use of pharmaceutical inhibitors.

https://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Sick-from-stress-592054

http://archive.is/3DZmt

CURE NEWS: 02/12/2018

Israeli Miracle Drug Targets MS, Alzheimer’s, Crohn’s, (Ulcerative) Colitis

https://unitedwithisrael.org/watch-israeli-miracle-drug-targets-ms-alzheimers-crohns-and-colitis/

http://archive.is/5ezzG

An Israeli scientists may have found a cure for some of the worst inflammatory diseases, affecting millions worldwide – with a single drug.

Despite groundbreaking medical developments, a cure for many some of the worst inflammatory diseases has yet to be found.

However, Prof. David Naor of the Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School in Jerusalem says he may have discovered a new game-changing treatment with just one drug that targets several chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases, including multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s and colitis.

Each of these diseases affects millions of people worldwide.

Watch the video for more about this exciting news from Israel!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOgrSZPcl3k

>>6985958

CURE NEWS: 07/02/2019

Researchers have eliminated HIV in mice for the first time. Is a cure for humans next?

https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/health/2019/07/02/researchers-cure-hiv-mice-first-time-breakthrough-study/1635072001/

http://archive.is/wTOZD

Researchers say they've successfully eliminated HIV from the DNA of infected mice for the first time, bringing them one step closer to curing the virus in humans.

Scientists from Temple University and the University of Nebraska Medical Center were able to eliminate the virus using a combination of gene-editing technology and a slow-release antiviral drug, according to a study published Tuesday in Nature Communications.

"The possibility exists that HIV can be cured," Howard Gendelman, chairman of UNMC's pharmacology and experimental neuroscience department and study author. "It’s going to take a little bit of time but to have the proof of concept gets us all excited."

'''FUCKERY NEWS: 06/25/2019

Commonly prescribed drugs are tied to nearly 50% higher dementia risk in older adults, study says

https://edition.cnn.com/2019/06/24/health/dementia-risk-drug-study/index.html

http://archive.is/AXbPH

A study published in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine on Monday suggests that the link is strongest for certain classes of anticholinergic drugs – particularly antidepressants, bladder antimuscarinics, antipsychotics and antiepileptic drugs.

Researchers wrote in the study that "there was nearly a 50% increased odds of dementia" associated with a total anticholinergic exposure of more than 1,095 daily doses within a 10-year period, which is equivalent to an older adult taking a strong anticholinergic medication daily for at least three years, compared with no exposure.

"The study is important because it strengthens a growing body of evidence showing that strong anticholinergic drugs have long term associations with dementia risk," said Carol Coupland, professor of medical statistics in primary care at the University of Nottingham in the United Kingdom and first author of the study.

"It also highlights which types of anticholinergic drugs have the strongest associations. This is important information for physicians to know when considering whether to prescribe these drugs," she said, adding "this is an observational study so no firm conclusions can be drawn about whether these anticholinergic drugs cause dementia."

FUCKERY NEWS: 06/20/2019

High arsenic levels found in bottled water brands owned by Keurig Dr Pepper and Whole Foods

https://www.chicagotribune.com/business/sns-tns-bc-water-arsenic-20190620-story.html

http://archive.is/beu9y

High levels of arsenic, which can increase chances of cancer and cause reproductive harm, has been found in popular bottled water brands Penafiel and Starkey Water, according to new testing.

The nonprofit Center For Environmental Health sent legal notices to Keurig Dr Pepper, which owns Penafiel, as well as Whole Foods, owner of the Starkey Water brand, after independent testing showed unsafe levels of the toxic metal.

The California-based organization asserts that the products require a health warning under California's consumer protection law.

"Customers typically purchase bottled water at exorbitantly high costs with the assumption that it is safer and healthier to drink than tap water, unaware that they are ingesting an extremely toxic metal linked to birth defects and cancer," CEH chief executive Michael Green said in a statement.

CEH didn't disclose the results of its testing, but said in a statement that it confirmed previous testing by Consumer Reports. In April, Consumer Reports found Penafiel samples contained nearly double the legally permissible amount of arsenic under FDA guidelines.

The FDA requires bottled water to contain fewer than 10 parts per billion of arsenic and the Penafiel samples contained an average of 18.1. The arsenic found in Starkey Water, however, was just barely above the FDA threshold.

Penafiel bottled water is bottled in Mexico and shipped to the U.S., where it's sold by various retailers such as Target and Walmart.

This week, Keurig Dr Pepper suspended production of Penafiel in order to improve its filtration system, according to Consumer Reports. It doesn't plan a recall.

Bump, I guess… one of these days Q will get around to destroying big pharma, instead of jerking his watch around again.

Attention fellow anons that are actually on the spectrum=

I've recently concluded my test regarding consumption of two certain natural herbal supplements. The first being 5-HTP. I've been aware, due to some conversations in places like this, that such a supplement could help with symptoms I experience daily from what appears to be some form of autism. 5-HTP helps significantly with mood swings and my ability to focus. I no longer get frustrated with things I don't already understand or don't quickly understand based off of intuition alone. Naturally, this extends out to other areas, like my levels of patience in social situations, my ability to remain calm and not feel flighty in work situations, and a few other noticeable areas (like driving - which can be pretty aggravating sometimes). This also greatly helps to establish a sleeping pattern. I noticed when my supplements ran out that I was having difficulty maintaining a set sleep schedule (or nearly set). It also seemed to help me focus on tasks which were more involved but less of a preference of mine (mostly work situations or social situations, which I suppose if I'm working those two things occur simultaneously). I think I went a bit wordy in this explanation so I'll try to keep the next one short. Please keep in mind that these are only the helpful effects that I've noticed, as I was only ever looking for how it might relate my to my symptoms of autism. For the record, I've never been diagnosed.

Ashwaganda is an adaptogenic herb. It helps greatly with stress levels. It's also quite euphoric on an empty stomach. This stuff is great. I could guarantee you wouldn't need any of those crazy pills doctors give you to deal with stress or anxiety (SSRIs - which you shouldn't take. research something called Akathesia Induced Impulsivity. please don't take my word on this) after you try these things once or twice. In addition to helping with stress, Ashwaganda is said to help maintain a healthy weight by helping with your metabolism, reduce blood sugar levels and cortisol levels (obvious), it supposedly has anti-cancer properties, helps with depression, testosterone levels (male fertility), building muscle mass and gaining strength, brain function - namely memory, inflammation and it's even said to lower Cholesterol and Triglycerides.

Please have a look in to these things to help with your day to day life. These two together have helped me feel so free and calm. It's much easier to appreciate things like normies and the beauty of the world around us. Again, the two of them are called Ashwaganda and 5-HTP.

If you believe you experience any symptoms of autism with any regularity, give these a try and you will likely feel significantly better and more able to fit in with normies.

Tip for fellow anons that either have Ulcerative Colitis or have relatives/friends with this.

First of all, look up Stremmel and phosphatidylcholine.

This works and was figured out 20 years ago and it's still not approved, because it's way too inexpensive and also has no side effects except bloating. They also manipulated the studies that were made outside of clinic Heidelberg in Germany. The patent was sold in 2009 and then they tested flare up cases taking the new medicine against Prednisone, which makes no sense because Prednisone shuts down the immune system and the new medicine doesn't. The new medicine fixes the CAUSE of the inflammations, which means the body will have to power down the immune system by itself and that takes tons of time and for bad cases the immune system may even be mad already and won't power down by itself. Then they claimed that it wouldn't work, which is false. I'm one of the earlier trial patients and it worked fine. For me it took 2-3 months for my immune system to power down by itself, so I would have been considered a failure in that study, despite it having worked.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2996791/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20926877

Second food intake actually matters.

Avoid regular table sugar / industrial sugar AT ALL COSTS.

Do not eat liquid food, because that's primarily industrial sugar.

There is another type of sugar available, called Xylitol, which seems to be fine.

There is also an antibiotics, that works and gets rid of the bacteria (as a side effect) that are responsible for the inflammations.

The antibiotic that works is called Xifaxan, but it's quite expensive and if you use it, you will have to use it forever until a better treatment is found.

For regular medication mesalazine (5-aminosalicylic acid) you should use Salofalk ENEMAs. There is way less additional shit in these as in the rest of the Salofalk products.

If you are allergic against tabs, you can still try to use enemas, because these are very likely to work fine.

I'm sure something way better will come along soon, but until then these should be your best options.

[meme]the game[/meme]

>>7240902

Thank you for the good instruction on herbal treatments. I use Barberry, Hawthorne, gota kola,

Ephedra(Tiny) Ginkgo, kava kava, Dandelion, Valerian, may more 30 years am now near retirement.

CURE NEWS: 12/02/2019

Breakthrough Prostate Cancer Treatment Uses Ultrasound Waves to Eliminate Tumors

https://www.naturalblaze.com/2019/12/breakthrough-prostate-cancer-treatment-uses-ultrasound-waves-to-eliminate-tumors.html

http://web.archive.org/web/20191203214503/https://www.naturalblaze.com/2019/12/breakthrough-prostate-cancer-treatment-uses-ultrasound-waves-to-eliminate-tumors.html

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-12/rson-nmu111919.php

http://web.archive.org/web/20191202134903/https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-12/rson-nmu111919.php

Doctors have made a tremendous step forward in the fight against prostate cancer, using targeted ultrasound pulses to successfully eliminate the disease entirely in 65 percent of cases with few side effects.

The new method, detailed in a study presented at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA), could be a promising alternative to surgery.

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men, second only to skin cancer. It is also the second leading cause of cancer deaths among men in the United States. According to the American Cancer Society (ACS), an estimated 174,650 men in the U.S. will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2019 alone.

Traditional treatments involving surgery and radiation have proven challenging due to their life-altering effects, namely leaving subjects impotent, incontinent, or with bowel dysfunctions. An estimated 3 million survivors of prostate cancer are alive in the U.S. today.

Yet the revolutionary new technique avoids such risks by relying on a rod-shaped device that is inserted into the urethra and uses magnetic resonance or MRI to focus precise ultrasound pulses on tumors, heating and destroying them while leaving the surrounding areas entirely unharmed.

The minimally invasive method, called MRI-guided transurethral ultrasound ablation—or TULSA—was used on 115 men suffering localized prostate cancer.

According to researchers, in 80 percent of the cases most signs of cancer were eliminated, while all signs were gone in 65 percent of the cases after one year. No bowel complications were reported, overall, while most men saw their blood-antigen markers for prostate cancer reduced.

'''CURE NEWS: 12/5/2019

Molecule Triggers Self-Destruction of Pancreatic Cancer Cells, Scientists Discover

https://www.naturalblaze.com/2019/12/molecule-triggers-self-destruction-of-pancreatic-cancer-cells-scientists-discover.html

http://web.archive.org/web/20191205232246/https://www.naturalblaze.com/2019/12/molecule-triggers-self-destruction-of-pancreatic-cancer-cells-scientists-discover.html

The researchers inserted xenografts—in this case, human pancreatic cancer cells— into mice whose immune systems were suppressed so they wouldn’t reject the foreign cells, and saw the cells multiply below the skin.

They then injected the molecule PJ34 into the bloodstream of the mice to see if it would affect the tumor. After 14 days there was a substantial reduction of 80% to 90% of the cancer cells. In one mouse, the tumor completely disappeared.

“This molecule causes an anomaly during the duplication of human cancer cells, provoking their rapid cell death,” said Tel Aviv University’s Cohen-Armon in a statement. “Thus, cell multiplication itself resulted in cell death in the treated cancer cells.”

Cohen-Armon added that “no adverse effects were observed and there were no changes in the weight gain of the mice, nor in their behavior.”

“The effect of a daily treatment with PJ34 provided results with higher statistical significance than those obtained by the 3 times a week treatment with PJ34. However, both treatments caused a similar massive reduction of human proteins in the tumors, 30 days after the treatment with PJ34 has been terminated,” the study reads.

While further research needs to be done in order to calculate the appropriate doses that would have to be administered to human patients in the future, this study is encouraging news. Cohen-Armon added that the team hopes to start testing the effect of the molecule on larger animals, and eventually on humans, which could take around two years, depending on funding.

Hopefully, we can make use of these huge breakthroughs in cancer research really soon.

FUCKERY NEWS: 12/4/2019

Study Finds Key Brain Region Smaller in Birth Control Pill Users

http://press.rsna.org/timssnet/media/pressreleases/14_pr_target.cfm?ID=2136

http://web.archive.org/web/20191205232810/http://press.rsna.org/timssnet/media/pressreleases/14_pr_target.cfm?ID=2136

• The first study to examine the effects of oral contraceptives on the structure of the living human hypothalamus found that women taking birth control pills had significantly smaller hypothalamus volume.

• The hypothalamus helps regulate essential bodily functions including body temperature, mood, appetite, sex drive, sleep cycles and heart rate.

• Smaller hypothalamic volume was also associated with greater anger and showed a strong correlation with depression.

In his study, Dr. Lipton and colleagues recruited a group of 50 healthy women, including 21 women who were taking oral contraceptives. All 50 women underwent brain MRI, and a validated approach was used to measure hypothalamic volume.

"We found a dramatic difference in the size of the brain structures between women who were taking oral contraceptives and those who were not," Dr. Lipton said. "This initial study shows a strong association and should motivate further investigation into the effects of oral contraceptives on brain structure and their potential impact on brain function."

Other findings from the study, which Dr. Lipton described as "preliminary," were that smaller hypothalamic volume was also associated with greater anger and showed a strong correlation with depressive symptoms. However, the study found no significant correlation between hypothalamic volume and cognitive performance.

Co-authors are Ke Xun Chen, M.D., Sandie Worley, B.S., Henry J. Foster, B.S., David Edasery, M.D., Shima Roknsharifi, M.D., and Chloe Ifrah, B.A. The study was funded by the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and by The Dana Foundation.

>>7435153

>>7435176

>>7435186

make it Rain: It'll help wash away the mess-[memory[S]].

https://mdmaptsd.org/

12/8/2019

Insulin injections are linked to weight gain and the loss of control of blood sugar levels

Study reveals diet synced with biological clock could replace problematic diabetes treatment

http://www.asianage.com/life/health/081219/insulin-injections-are-linked-to-weight-gain-and-the-loss-of-control-of-blood-sugar-levels.html

http://archive.is/8YaJK

While the kind of food one eats and even the order in which it is consumed can affect the health of an individual. A new study finds that a starch-rich breakfast consumed early in the morning coupled with a small dinner could replace insulin injections and other diabetes medications for many diabetics.

Type 2 diabetics inject themselves with insulin, a hormone that regulates the movement of sugar into liver, muscle and fat cells, up to four times a day. But insulin injections are linked to weight gain and the loss of control of blood sugar levels. This triggers a vicious cycle of higher insulin doses, continuous weight gain, a higher incidence of cardiovascular disease and other complications.

According to the new research, our metabolism and biological clock are optimised for eating in the morning and for fasting during the evening and night, when we are supposed to be asleep. Prof. Daniela Jakubowicz of TAU's Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Wolfson Medical Center's Diabetes Unit said, "But the usual diet recommended for type 2 diabetes consists of several small meals evenly distributed throughout the day, for example, three meals and three snacks daily, including a snack before going to sleep to prevent a drop in sugar levels during the night."

The research was published in the journal Diabetes Care. According to Prof. Jakubowicz "The traditional diabetic diet specifies six small meals spread throughout the day. But our research proposes shifting the starch-rich calories to the early hours of the day. This produces a glucose balance and improved glycemic control among type 2 diabetics."

Thus explaining the reason behind this theory of diet as "We believe that through this regimen it will be possible for diabetics to significantly reduce or even stop the injections of insulin, and most of the anti-diabetic medications, to achieve excellent control of glucose levels."

Prof. Jakubowicz added.”But the '6M-diet,' as this is called, has not been effective for sugar control, so diabetics require additional medication and insulin. And insulin injections lead to weight gain, which further increases blood sugar levels,"

The researchers studied 29 type 2 diabetes participants and compared a new "3M-diet," more in alignment with our biological clock, with a control group on the traditional 6M-diet. The experimental 3M-diet comprises a meal of bread, fruits, and sweets in the early hours of the morning; a substantial lunch; and a small dinner specifically lacking starches, sweets, and fruits.

The group on the traditional 6M-diet did not lose weight and did not experience any improvement of sugar levels, requiring an increase in medication and insulin doses. But the group on the 3M-diet not only lost weight but also experienced substantially improved sugar levels.

Prof. Jakubowicz is of the view, "In addition, the 3M-diet improved the expression of biological clock genes. This suggests that 3M-diet is not only more effective in controlling diabetes. It may also prevent many other complications such as cardiovascular disease, ageing, and cancer, which are all regulated by the biological clock genes."

The upregulation of the biological clock gene expression in the 3M-diet might be the mechanism behind its success, as it enhances insulin secretion and improves sugar delivery into the muscles, creating a balanced daytime and nocturnal glucose metabolism. The researchers are now investigating the role certain proteins play in breakfast foods consumed by diabetics.

Original study

DEC 2019

Reduction in Glycated Hemoglobin and Daily Insulin Dose Alongside Circadian Clock Upregulation in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Consuming a Three-Meal Diet: A Randomized Clinical Trial

https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/42/12/2171

http://archive.is/q8CNw

OBJECTIVE In type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and progressive β-cell failure require treatment with high insulin doses, leading to weight gain. Our aim was to study whether a three-meal diet (3Mdiet) with a carbohydrate-rich breakfast may upregulate clock gene expression and, as a result, allow dose reduction of insulin, leading to weight loss and better glycemic control compared with an isocaloric six-meal diet (6Mdiet).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Twenty-eight volunteers with diabetes (BMI 32.4 ± 5.2 kg/m2 and HbA1c 8.1 ± 1.1% [64.5 ± 11.9 mmol/mol]) were randomly assigned to 3Mdiet or 6Mdiet. Body weight, glycemic control, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), appetite, and clock gene expression were assessed at baseline, after 2 weeks, and after 12 weeks.

RESULTS 3Mdiet, but not 6Mdiet, led to a significant weight loss (−5.4 ± 0.9 kg) (P < 0.01) and decreased HbA1c (−12 mmol/mol [−1.2%]) (P < 0.0001) after 12 weeks. Fasting glucose and daily and nocturnal glucose levels were significantly lower on the 3Mdiet. CGM showed a significant decrease in the time spent in hyperglycemia only on the 3Mdiet. Total daily insulin dose was significantly reduced by 26 ± 7 units only on the 3Mdiet. There was a significant decrease in the hunger and cravings only in the 3Mdiet group. Clock genes exhibited oscillation, increased expression, and higher amplitude on the 3Mdiet compared with the 6Mdiet.

CONCLUSIONS A 3Mdiet, in contrast to an isocaloric 6Mdiet, leads to weight loss and significant reduction in HbA1c, appetite, and overall glycemia, with a decrease in daily insulin. Upregulation of clock genes seen in this diet intervention could contribute to the improved glucose metabolism.

>>7435118

Original Study

DEC 2019

The phenanthrene derivative PJ34 exclusively eradicates human pancreatic cancer cells in xenografts

http://www.oncotarget.com/index.php?journal=oncotarget&page=article&op=view&path[0]=27268&path[1]=87898

http://archive.is/EkHBB

ABSTRACT

Recent reports demonstrate an exclusive eradication of a variety of human cancer cells by the modified phenanthridine PJ34. Their eradication during mitosis is attributed to PJ34 preventing NuMA clustering in the mitotic spindle poles of human malignant cells, which is crucial for their normal mitosis. Here, the effect of PJ34 is tested in cell cultures and xenografts of human pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma. Evidence is presented for a substantial reduction (80–90%) of PANC1 cancer cells in xenografts, measured 30 days after the treatment with PJ34 has been terminated. Benign cells infiltrated into the PANC1 tumors (stroma) were not affected. Growth, weight gain and behavior of the treated nude mice were not impaired during, and 30 days after the treatment with PJ34. The efficient eradication of malignant cells in human pancreas cancer xenografts presents a new model of pancreas cancer treatment.

Introduction'

Despite a substantial advance in cancer treatment, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have a limited response to current treatments, and a low 5-years survival rate of about 6% [1–3]. Thus, there is an urgent need to explore new mechanisms for treating this lethal malignancy.

Recent reports have discovered the capability of phenanthrenes to kill human cancer cells that are resistant to currently prescribed apoptosis-inducing agents [4, 5]. Furthermore, we identified phenanthrenes acting as PARP1 inhibitors that efficiently eradicate a variety of human cancer cells without impairing benign cells [6–9]. Notably, their exclusive cytotoxic activity in human cancer cells was independent of, and un-related to PARP1 inhibition [7–11]. The phenanthrenes PJ34, TiqA and phenanthridinon (Phen) act as PARP1 inhibitors due to their binding potency to the nicotine-amide binding site in the catalytic domain of PARP1 [12, 13]. However, their PARP1 inhibition per-se does not impair nor eradicate human malignant cells, including pancreas cancer cells, PANC1 [7–9]. In contrast, at higher concentrations than those causing PARP1 inhibition, PJ34, Tiq-A and Phen eradicate a variety of human cancer cells by ‘mitotic catastrophe cell death’. This cell-death follows mitosis arrest caused by preventing the post translational modification of NuMA (Nuclear mitotic apparatus protein-1) that enables its binding to proteins [8].

In the tested human cancer cells, NuMA binding to proteins enables its clustering in the spindle poles, which is crucial for stabilizing the spindle, a pre-requisite for chromosomes alignment in the spindle mid-zone and normal anaphase. Notably, NuMA silencing or down regulation of NuMA prevents mitosis in all cell types [14–17].

>>7462437

cont'd

In human malignant cells, specific post translational modifications of NuMA enable and promote NuMA binding to proteins [18–21]. These post translational modifications are most efficiently prevented by PJ34 [8, 20, 21]. In accordance, in PJ34 treated cancer cells, NuMA is arbitrarily dispersed in the spindle, instead of being clustered in the spindle poles [8]. The consequences are un-stabilized spindle pole with dispersed chromosomes, instead of segregated chromosomes aligned in the spindle mid-zone [8, 17, 22, 23]. This abnormality jeopardizes normal ploidy of the ‘daughter’ cells and evokes mitosis arrest [17, 23]. Cells with these abnormal spindles are eradicated by a rapid death mechanism, ‘mitotic catastrophe’ cell-death [9, 23].

Here, the efficacy of PJ34 to eradicate human pancreas cancer cells is tested in cell cultures and in xenografts. PANC1 cells are most frequently identified in human pancreas tumors [1–3]. Pancreas xenografts were developed in nude mice. These tumors also contained normal infiltrating cells (stroma) of mouse origin [24–27], i. e. fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, macrophages and lymphocytes infiltrated into the tumors [25, 26].

Mitosis arrest and cell death were measured in PANC1 cells incubated with PJ34. In xenografts, eradication of human PANC1 cells deduced from a massive reduction of human proteins in the tumors, was measured 30 days after the treatment with PJ34 has been terminated. An increased necrosis measured in the PANC1 tumors of mice treated with PJ34 supports cell-death caused by PJ34 in the xenografts. Normal cells infiltrated into the tumors were not impaired by PJ34. A similar cytotoxic activity of PJ34 was observed in patients-derived PDAC cells and xenografts. These results indicate the potency of PJ34 to eradicate human pancreas cancers.

Results

Treatment with PJ34 causes mitosis arrest and cell death in human pancreas cancer cells PANC1

Measuring changes in the ploidy of PJ34 treated PANC1 cells with stained DNA by flow cytometry reveals piled up PANC1 cells with double DNA content, unable to proceed to mitosis (Figure 1). A similar cytotoxic effect of PJ34 is measured in other human malignant cell types [7]. Recently, the molecular mechanism causing mitosis failure and arrest in human cancer cells incubated with PJ34 has been disclosed [8]. The cell cycle profile of PANC1 cells incubated with PJ34 reflects their mitosis arrest and cell death (Figure 1). PJ34 (20 µM or 30 µM) was applied 24 hour after seeding, and PANC1 cell eradication and the kinetics of S-phase entry and G2/M transition were measured by flow cytometry after 48, 72 and 120 hours incubation (Methods). After 48 hours incubation with PJ34, failure to proceed into mitosis preceded cell death measured after 72 hours incubation. These cells were eradicated after 120 hour incubation with PJ34 (Figure 1).

Something is Rotten in the State of Samoa

All truth passes through three states;

• First, it's ridiculed

• Second, it is violently opposed

• Third it is accepted as being self-evident

mentioned studies regarding Vaccines will be attached in follow-up posts

>>7487899

Unpublished [CDC], obtained by FOIA

2000

https://childrenshealthdefense.org/research_db/increased-risk-of-developmental-neurologic-impairment-after-high-exposure-to-thimerosal-containing-vaccine-in-first-month-of-life/

http://archive.is/Re3y5

Effects of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis or tetanus vaccination on allergies and allergy-related respiratory symptoms among children and adolescents in the United States

2000-02-23

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10714532

http://archive.is/FJ0Ym

The Introduction of Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis and Oral Polio Vaccine Among Young Infants in an Urban African Community: A Natural Experiment

2017-03

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28188123

http://archive.is/OdMRx

>>7487899

Pilot comparative study on the health of vaccinated and unvaccinated 6- to 12- year old U.S. children

2017-04-24

https://www.oatext.com/Pilot-comparative-study-on-the-health-of-vaccinated-and-unvaccinated-6-to-12-year-old-U-S-children.php

https://www.oatext.com/pdf/JTS-3-186.pdf

http://archive.is/tNBdf

Is measles vaccination a risk factor for inflammatory bowel disease?

1995-04-29

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(95)90816-1/fulltext

http://archive.is/fYTQ5

Clustering of cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus occurring 2-4 years after vaccination is consistent with clustering after infections and progression to type 1 diabetes mellitus in autoantibody positive individuals

2003-04

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12793601

http://archive.is/kKZ2z

Human papillomavirus vaccination of adult women and risk of autoimmune and neurological diseases.

2017-10-18

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29044769

http://archive.is/7nmZO

>>7487899

A cross-sectional study of the relationship between reported human papillomavirus vaccine exposure and the incidence of reported asthma in the United States

2019-01-08

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6329017/

http://archive.is/vM4id

Early Thimerosal Exposure and Neuropsychological Outcomes at 7 to 10 Years

2007-09-27

https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa071434

http://archive.is/Ylf1

Diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis immunization and sudden infant death syndrome

1987-08

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1647245/

http://archive.is/tRZxy

The Timing of Pediatric Immunization and the risk of insulin-depedent diabetes mellitus

1997-10

https://journals.lww.com/infectdis/citation/1997/06070/the_timing_of_pediatric_immunization_and_the_risk.7.aspx

http://archive.is/tgxoQ

>>7487899

Recombinant hepatitis B vaccine and the risk of multiple sclerosis: a prospective study

2004-09-14

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15365133

http://archive.is/hNghd

>>7487899

>>7487964

Link won’t play!

>>7488196

Works for me.

10/23/2019

Half of all commonly used drugs profoundly affecting the gut microbiome, warn experts

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-10/sh-hoa101519.php

http://archive.is/QdRXh

A new study presented at UEG Week 2019 has found that 18 commonly used drug categories extensively affect the taxonomic structure and metabolic potential of the gut microbiome. Eight different categories of drugs were also found to increase antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in the study participants.

Researchers at the University Medical Center Groningen and the Maastricht University Medical Center looked at 41 commonly used drug categories and assessed 1883 faecal samples from a population-based cohort, patients with IBD and patients with IBS intermixed with healthy controls. The researchers compared the taxonomic and metabolic functions profiles of drug users to non-drug users, looking at the effect of single medication use and then combined medication use. The changes observed could increase the risk of intestinal infections, obesity and other serious conditions and disorders linked to the gut microbiome.

Gut microbiota is the microbe population living in the intestine. It contains tens of trillions of microorganisms, including at least 1000 different species of known bacteria. The human gut's microbiota population is influenced by a number of different factors, including medication. The microbiome has received increasing attention over the last 15 years with numerous studies reporting changes in the gut microbiota during not only obesity, diabetes, and liver diseases but also cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.

The drug categories found to have the biggest impact on the microbiome include:

• Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) - used to treat dyspepsia which affects between 11% and 24% of the European population. PPIs are also used to treat peptic ulcer, H. Pylori eradication, Gastro reflux and Barrett's oesophagus.

• Metformin - used as a treatment for Type 2 diabetes, affecting 10% of European adults

• Antibiotics - used to treat bacterial infections, taken by 34% of the European population each year

• Laxatives - used to treat and prevent constipation, affecting 17% of European adults

The gut microbiota of PPI users showed increased abundance of upper gastrointestinal tract bacteria and increased fatty acid production, while metformin users had higher levels of the potentially harmful bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli).

The researchers also found that an additional seven drug categories were associated with significant changes in bacterial populations in the gut. The use of certain antidepressants (called SSRIs) by those with IBS was associated with an abundance of the potentially harmful bacteria species Eubacterium ramulus. The use of oral steroids was associated with high levels of methanogenic bacteria which has been associated with obesity and an increase in BMI.

Commenting, lead-researcher Arnau Vich Vila said: "We already know that the efficiency and the toxicity of certain drugs are influenced by the bacterial composition of the gastrointestinal tract and that the gut microbiota has been related to multiple health conditions; therefore, it is crucial to understand which are the consequences of medication use in the gut microbiome. Our work highlights the importance of considering the role of the gut microbiota when designing treatments and also points to new hypotheses that could explain certain side-effects associated with medication use."

>>7514242

CURE NEWS: 05/17/2019 / 11/29/2019

Student scientist studies neglected fruit aratiles as potential diabetes (type 2) cure

https://www.naturalblaze.com/2019/11/high-school-student-from-the-philippines-wins-international-science-award-for-her-discovery-of-wonder-fruit-that-can-cure-diabetes.html

http://archive.is/3mFtz

She is also among the 12 deserving candidates invited to the International Science and Engineering Fair in Phoenix, Arizona, USA. She will represent her country, the Philippines, in perhaps the largest competitions for pre-college students in the field of scientific research. She is the first from her group to be honored with the Gokongwei Brothers Foundation Young Scientist Award.

Maria’s study, which she did independently, was titled “Bioactive Component, Antioxidant Activity, and Antidiabetic Properties of Muntingia calabura Linn. An In Vitro Study”. It is in this study that she has come upon the possibility of this fruit as a cure for diabetes. She has presented an in-depth study of Aratiles as a permanent cure for type 2 diabetes. This fruit grows naturally all over her country.

This fruit is a very inexpensive method to combat diabetes, she says. Every part of the Aratiles tree is edible including the leaves, branches, and flowers and is helpful in combating the disease as they all consist of antioxidants that help cure diabetes.

Diabetes or diabetes mellitus is a silent killer. This metabolic disease causes a spike in blood sugar levels. This is because the body does not make sufficient insulin or can’t effectively use the insulin made by the body. This hormone helps to move sugar from the blood to the cells where it is stored as energy. If diabetes is left untreated it can damage the eyes, kidneys, nerves and a host of other body organs.

Aratiles is also found in many countries and is known as Panama berry, bolaina yamanaza, Jamaican Cherry, Singapore cherry, and many other names. In the Philippines alone it is known by several other names such as kerson, datiles, manzanitas, etc.

Maria discovered that although the plant has been studied for more than 2 decades, its full potential has not been realized. She went several times to the Food and Nutrition Research Institute Laboratory and eventually discovered that the Aratiles fruit is a rich source of antioxidants and can be used to effectively prevent type 2 diabetes through the prevention of postprandial hyperglycemia.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q2U8C6-JG6M

Diabetes has taken the lives of several members of Isabel Layson’s family. Realizing how costly medication can be, she thought of finding a cheap cure for the disease. Aratiles grows abundantly in their backyard and by the roadsides of her hometown, Iloilo City. This gave her the idea of studying the fruit’s antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties. She hopes her research could lead to the development of a cost-effective alternative cure for diabetes.

Isabel’s research won as Best Individual Research in Life Science during the Department of Education’s 2019 National Science and Technology Fair. Her research - and six other entries - also represented the Philippines in the 2019 Intel International Science and Engineering Fair. Due to her excellence in Science and Technology, she is among the pioneer recipients the Gokongwei Brothers Foundation Young Scientist Award.

10/18/2019

Association of Occupational Exposure to Disinfectants With Incidence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Among US Female Nurses

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2753247

http://web.archive.org/web/20191216104505/https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2753247

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2753247/dumas_2019_oi_190517.pdf

http://web.archive.org/web/20191216104839/https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2753247/dumas_2019_oi_190517.pdf

Question Is exposure to disinfectants and cleaning products associated with incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among health care workers?

Findings In a cohort study of 73 262 US female nurses participating in the Nurses’ Health Study II who were followed up from 2009 to 2015, occupational exposure to cleaning products and disinfectants was significantly associated with a 25% to 38% increased risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease independent of asthma and smoking.

Meaning This study’s findings suggest that regular use of chemical disinfectants among nurses may be a risk factor for developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

…

Results Among the 73 262 women included in the analyses, mean (SD) age at baseline was 54.7 (4.6) years and 70 311 (96.0%) were white, 1235 (1.7%) black, and 1716 (2.3%) other; and 1345 (1.8%) Hispanic, and 71 917 (98.2%) non-Hispanic. Based on 368 145 person-years of follow-up, 582 nurses reported incident physician-diagnosed COPD. Weekly use of disinfectants to clean surfaces only (16 786 [22.9%] of participants exposed) and to clean medical instruments (13 899 [19.0%] exposed) was associated with COPD incidence, with adjusted hazard ratios of 1.38 (95% CI, 1.13-1.68) for cleaning surfaces only and 1.31 (95% CI, 1.07-1.61) for cleaning medical instruments after adjustment for age, smoking (pack-years), race, ethnicity, and body mass index. High-level exposure, evaluated by the JTEM, to several specific disinfectants (ie, glutaraldehyde, bleach, hydrogen peroxide, alcohol, and quaternary ammonium compounds) was significantly associated with COPD incidence, with adjusted hazard ratios ranging from 1.25 (95% CI, 1.04-1.51) to 1.36 (95% CI, 1.13-1.64). Associations were not modified by smoking or asthma status (P for interaction > .15).

Conclusions and Relevance These longitudinal results suggest that regular use of chemical disinfectants among nurses may be a risk factor for developing COPD. If future studies confirm these results, exposure-reduction strategies that are compatible with infection control in health care settings should be developed.

FUCKERY NEWS: 5/16/2019

LED lights damage eyes and disturb sleep, European health authority warns

https://edition.cnn.com/2019/05/16/health/blue-light-led-health-effects-bn-trnd/index.html

http://archive.is/CFPIl

The blue light in LED lighting that is increasingly used in our homes can damage the eye's retina while disturbing our biological and sleep rhythms, a French health authority warned in a new report.

New scientific evidence confirms the "phototoxic effects" of short-term exposures to high-intensity blue light, as well as an increased risk of age-related macular degeneration after chronic exposure to lower-intensity sources, according to the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, known as ANSES. Age-related macular degeneration, a leading cause of vision loss among people over 50, causes damage to the macula, a small spot near the center of the retina that's needed for sharp central vision.

Yet protection from the harmful effects to the retina offered by "anti-blue light" screens, filters and sunglasses varies, and their ability to preserve sleep rhythms is not proven, ANSES also said.

>>7620017

Original PDF (French)

https://www.anses.fr/en/system/files/AP2014SA0253Ra.pdf

http://web.archive.org/web/20190530151801/https://www.anses.fr/en/system/files/AP2014SA0253Ra.pdf

>>7620017

Original article (French)

https://www.anses.fr/en/node/139064

http://archive.is/lyD7K

LED : les recommandations de l’Anses pour limiter l’exposition à la lumière bleue

Alors que l’usage des LED se généralise pour l’éclairage et que les objets à LED se multiplient, l’Anses publie la mise à jour de son expertise de 2010 relative aux effets sanitaires des LED au regard des nouvelles connaissances scientifiques disponibles. L’Agence confirme la toxicité de la lumière bleue sur la rétine et met en évidence des effets de perturbation des rythmes biologiques et du sommeil liés à une exposition le soir ou la nuit à la lumière bleue, notamment via les écrans et en particulier pour les enfants. L’Agence recommande donc de limiter l’usage des dispositifs à LED les plus riches en lumière bleue, tout particulièrement pour les enfants, et de diminuer autant que possible la pollution lumineuse pour préserver l’environnement.

Dans un contexte de politiques d’économie d’énergie et de retrait des lampes traditionnelles (lampes à incandescence et lampes halogènes classiques) du marché de l’éclairage, les LED connaissent une expansion considérable en raison de leurs performances énergétiques efficaces. Ainsi, en quelques décennies, l‘exposition de la population à la lumière bleue a fortement augmenté, notamment le soir avec des éclairages artificiels ou des écrans riches en lumière bleue. En effet, les LED, de par leur spécificité technologique, peuvent émettre une lumière riche en courtes longueurs d’onde, dite « riche en bleu », et un éclairage plus intense que d’autres sources lumineuses, ce qui peut induire des effets sur la santé de l’Homme comme sur l’environnement.

Au tout début du déploiement de cette technologie, la première expertise de l’Anses soulignait la toxicité pour la rétine de la lumière bleue présente dans les éclairages à LED et recommandait donc d’adapter le cadre réglementaire et normatif. En conséquence, actuellement pour l’éclairage domestique, seules les lampes à LED de groupes de risques 0 ou 1 (conformément à la norme de sécurité photobiologique NF-EN-62471) sont accessibles au grand public. Les éclairages les plus à risque (groupes 2 et 3) sont, quant à eux, réservés à des utilisations professionnelles dans des conditions garantissant la sécurité des travailleurs.

…

>>7620017

>>7620054

Article translated using deepl:

As the use of LEDs for lighting becomes more widespread and the number of LED objects multiplies, Anses publishes its 2010 update of its expertise on the health effects of LEDs in light of the new scientific knowledge available. The Agency confirms the toxicity of blue light on the retina and highlights the disruptive effects on biological rhythms and sleep associated with exposure in the evening or at night to blue light, particularly via screens and especially for children. The Agency therefore recommends limiting the use of LED devices richest in blue light, especially for children, and reducing light pollution as much as possible to preserve the environment.

In a context of energy-saving policies and the withdrawal of traditional lamps (incandescent lamps and conventional halogen lamps) from the lighting market, LEDs are undergoing considerable expansion because of their energy-efficient performance. Thus, in a few decades, the exposure of the population to blue light has greatly increased, especially at night with artificial lighting or screens rich in blue light. Indeed, LEDs, due to their technological specificity, can emit a light rich in short wavelengths, known as "blue rich", and a more intense illumination than other light sources, which can induce effects on human health as well as on the environment.

At the very beginning of the deployment of this technology, the first expert assessment by Anses highlighted the toxicity for the retina of the blue light present in LED lighting and therefore recommended that the regulatory and normative framework be adapted. As a result, currently for domestic lighting, only LED lamps in risk groups 0 or 1 (in accordance with the photobiological safety standard NF-EN-62471) are accessible to the general public. The most at-risk lighting (groups 2 and 3) are reserved for professional use under conditions that guarantee the safety of workers.

Today, the Anses is publishing a new expert report covering all LED systems and taking into account all the scientific data acquired since 2010.

>>7620066

New effects highlighted related to the blue light of LEDs

New scientific data supports the 2010 findings on the toxicity of blue light to the eye that can lead to decreased vision. It shows short-term phototoxic effects from acute exposure and long-term effects from chronic exposure, which increase the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Warm white" household LED lighting is indistinguishable from conventional lighting and has a low risk of phototoxicity. In contrast, other types of LED lighting, such as flashlights, car headlights, decorations or toys, may emit particularly rich blue light and belong to risk group 2, but are not covered by current regulations.

Furthermore, expert evidence shows that even very low exposure to blue-rich light in the evening or at night disturbs biological rhythms and thus sleep. The ANSES stresses that screens, particularly those of computers, smartphones and tablets, are important sources of blue-rich light and children and adolescents, whose eyes do not fully filter blue light, are a particularly sensitive population.

The report also shows that a high proportion of LED lamps have large variations in light intensity. Certain populations such as children, adolescents and professionals could be more sensitive to the potential effects induced by this modulation of light: headaches, visual fatigue, accidental risk, etc.

>>7620072

Changing regulations and better informing the public about the risks associated with exposure to blue light

In view of the results of its expertise, the ANSES issues a series of recommendations to limit the exposure of the population to light rich in blue. The Agency recalls the importance of favouring "warm white" type domestic lighting (colour temperature below 3,000 K). In order to prevent the effects of disruption of biological rhythms, it recommends limiting the exposure of the population, particularly children, to the blue-rich light of LED screens (mobile phones, tablets, computers, etc.) before bedtime and during the night.

In addition, the ANSES recommends that the regulatory framework applying to all LED systems should be changed and in particular that :

Restrict the availability of LED objects to the general public to those in photobiological risk group 0 or 1;

limit the luminous intensity of motor vehicle headlights, while guaranteeing road safety;

reduce to a minimum the level of temporal modulation of the light emitted by all light sources (lighting, screens, LED objects).

On the other hand, with regard to the means of protection available to the general public such as treated lenses, protective glasses or specific screens, the Agency stresses that their effectiveness against the effects of blue light on the retina varies greatly. Moreover, their effectiveness in preserving circadian rhythms has not yet been proven. The ANSES encourages the establishment of standards defining the performance criteria of protective equipment against blue light.

>>7620078

An impact on biodiversity and the environment

Concerning the environment, the available studies mainly concern artificial light at night in general and not specifically LEDs. Regardless of the ecosystem studied, scientific knowledge shows a convergent increase in mortality and an impoverishment of the diversity of animal and plant species studied in environments lit at night, including LED lighting. The Agency recommends strengthening regulations to limit light pollution, while ensuring the safety of people.

01/07/2020

Can the flu shot help fight cancer?

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-01-flu-shot-cancer.html

http://archive.is/jV2SL

Changing the microenvironment of tumors to increase the immune system's response to them has been the goal of countless research and clinical studies including the most recent use of checkpoint inhibitory antibodies. The majority of patients have tumors that are "cold"—that is, the tumors don't contain many immune cells, or they have cells that suppress the ability of the immune system to fight them.

Increasing immune cells within a tumor can change it from "cold" to "hot"—more recognizable to the immune system. Hot tumors show higher rates of response to treatment, and patients with such tumors have improved survival rates.

Physicians and scientists at Rush University Medical Center have found that injecting tumors with influenza vaccines, including some FDA-approved seasonal flu shots, turns cold tumors to hot, a discovery that could lead to an immunotherapy to treat cancer. The study results were published December 30th in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Inactivated flu vaccines can make tumors hot

Currently, some immunotherapies utilize live pathogens (disease-causing organisms) as cancer treatments, but these treatments only have shown lasting effects in a limited number of patients and cancer types. "We wanted to understand how our strong immune responses against pathogens like influenza and their components could improve our much weaker immune response against some tumors," said Andrew Zloza, MD, Ph.D., assistant professor in Rush Medical College's Department of Internal Medicine and senior author of the study.

Drawing on a National Cancer Institute database, researchers found that people who had lung cancer and hospitalization for a lung infection from influenza at the same time lived longer than those who had lung cancer with no influenza. They found a similar outcome in mice with tumors and influenza infection in the lung.

"However, there are many factors we do not understand about live infections, and this effect does not repeat in tumors where influenza infections do not naturally occur, like skin," said Zloza.

To find an alternative to the limitations of live infection, researchers inactivated the influenza virus, essentially creating a flu vaccine.

They found that direct injection of this vaccine into the skin melanoma of the mice resulted in the tumors either growing slower or shrinking. The injection made the tumor hot by increasing the proportion of a type of immune-stimulating cells (called dendritic cells) in the tumor, leading to an increase in a type of cells known as CD8+ T cells, which recognize and kill tumor cells.

Importantly, injecting a skin melanoma tumor on one side of the body not only resulted in the reduced growth of that tumor, but also in reduced growth of a second skin tumor on the other side of the same mouse that was not injected.

The study authors note that they observed similar systemic outcomes in a mouse model of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, in which both primary tumor growth and the natural spread of the breast tumor to the lungs were reduced after injection only into the primary tumor. "Based on this result, we hope that in patients, injecting one tumor with an influenza vaccine with lead to immune responses in their other tumors as well," Zloza said.

FDA-approved flu shots also reduced tumor growth

"Our successes with a flu vaccine that we created made us wonder if seasonal flu vaccines that are already FDA-approved could be repurposed as treatments for cancer," Zloza said. "Since these have been used in millions of people and have already been shown to be safe, we thought using flu shots to treat cancer could be brought to patients quickly."

The researchers found that injection of such flu shots also resulted in reduction of tumor growth.

To determine if similar results could be obtained with tumors from patients, the researchers developed a mouse model, which they call AIR-PDX. To create this model, they implant a piece of tumor and immune cells from a patient with cancer into a mouse that does not have a functioning immune system of its own—which prevents the mouse from rejecting the implanted cells.

"Such transplant allows us to utilize patient-grade drugs in a living system. This is as close as we can get to testing something ahead of a clinical trial," Zloza said.

The researchers used a patient's lung tumor and a melanoma metastasis in AIR-PDX models. They found that putting the flu shot in these patient-derived tumors causes them to shrink, while untreated tumors continued to grow.

…

>>7760324

Influenza vaccines can be combined with immunotherapy

Since new treatments are often compared to or combined with current frontline therapies for cancer, the researchers used immune checkpoint inhibitors in their studies. Immune checkpoint inhibition "releases the brakes" on immune cells so that they can fight the tumor.

The researchers found that flu vaccines can reduce tumor growth when used alone, whether or not the tumor is responsive to checkpoint inhibitor therapy. When they combined the flu vaccine with a checkpoint inhibitor together, an even a greater reduction in tumor growth occurred.

"These results propose that eventually both patients who respond and who do not respond to other immunotherapies might benefit from the injection of influenza vaccines into the tumor, and it may increase the small proportion of patients that are now long-term responders to immunotherapies," Zloza said.

Not all effective flu vaccines work on cancer

Five different influenza shots for the 2017-2018 flu season were used in this research. Four were effective in achieving the same results in fighting tumors.

One flu shot with a synthetic adjuvant (an immune modifier) had no antitumor effect, and maintained other cells (called regulatory B cells or Bregs) that suppress an immune response. When the adjuvant was removed from the vaccine, it became effective. Similarly, when the B cells were removed, the vaccine also then became effective.

That all five vaccines provided protection from flu infection, but one was ineffective in reducing tumor growth "demonstrates a disconnect between the principals of immune responses needed to fight pathogens versus tumors," Zloza said. "It also highlights the need for additional consideration regarding what adjuvants are included in immunotherapies and which vaccines could be used to treat cancer."

Flu vaccine's FDA approval may speed clinical trials

"Since humans and mice are about 95% genetically identical, the hope is that this approach will work in patients. The next step planned is to conduct clinical trials to test various factors," Zloza said.

Clinical trials on average require four phases and can take between eight to 10 years to complete, but because the seasonal influenza vaccine is FDA-approved, the clinical trials for this study might be significantly shorter. "Although we are currently studying the use of other vaccines as well, the seasonal influenza flu shot is safe and recommended for most people over 6 months of age, including most patients with cancer," Zloza said. "This is why we chose to start with it.

"The flu shot is inexpensive and it has a quick translatability since it is an FDA-approved drug that we are repurposing," Zloza continued.

Jochen Reiser, MD, Ph.D., professor in Rush Medical College, chairperson of the Department of Internal Medicine and a co-author of the study adds: Turning one own's immune system against cancer using something as available and simple as a flu shot may help certain patients with cancer in the near future, instead of within a decade."

01/15/2020

WHO Chief Scientist caught on video overtly contradicting public propaganda videos that falsely claim vaccines work “without risks”

https://www.naturalnews.com/2020-01-15-who-chief-scientist-caught-on-video-overtly-contradicting-vaccine-safety-risks.html

http://archive.is/Q8dMJ

https://www.brighteon.com/9f09bc3a-8df6-45fa-80e0-f96a0d0dd01a

Dr. Soumya Swaminathan, M.D.Chief Scientist of the World Health Organization, has been caught blatantly lying to the public about vaccine safety. In a public service announcement produced by the W.H.O., she claims “Vaccines are very safe” and that vaccines can “prevent disease without risks.” But in a leaked W.H.O. vaccine summit video that has now gone public, she frets about vaccine safety, saying, “we really don’t have very good safety monitoring systems” and, “[we] learned about adverse events only after the drug’s been licensed and introduced into the population. So I think that risk is always there…”

…

1/13/2020

WHO Scientists Question Safety Of Vaccines

https://www.naturalnews.com/2020-01-15-who-chief-scientist-caught-on-video-overtly-contradicting-vaccine-safety-risks.html

http://archive.is/86RXq

https://www.brighteon.com/3dec332d-fd96-4654-a72f-55b702bd9262

World Health Organization “Global Vaccine Safety Summit” video has been found and leaked to the world, revealing shocking admissions of the health hazards posed by vaccines and their toxic ingredients.

…

An admission that vaccine adjuvants increase cell death and damage to vaccine recipients. For this paragraph, the term “reactogenicity” means vaccine adverse reactions and side effects, including those that are known to be extremely harmful and cause long-term damage or even death:

>>7823932

Duration of video: 9:11

Coincidence?

Dr. Martin Howell Friede – You are correct. As we add adjuvants, especially some of the more recent adjuvants, such as the ASO1, saponin-derived adjuvants , we do see increased local reactogenicity… The major health concern which we are seeing are accusations of long term, long term effects.

An admission that the W.H.O. is panicking over the fact that many doctors and nurses are finally starting to question the safety and vaccines and are becoming aware of the coordinated cover-up of vaccine injuries:

Prof. Heidi Larson, PhD, Director of the Vaccine Confidence Project – We have a very wobbly health professional front line that is starting to question vaccines and the safety of vaccines. When the front line professionals are starting to question or they don’t feel like they have enough confidence about the safety to stand up to it to the person asking them the questions. I mean most medical school curriculums, even nursing curriculums, I mean in medical school you’re lucky if you have a half-day on vaccines. Never mind keeping up to date with all this.

Also from Prof. Heidi Larson, PhD – You can’t repurpose the same old science to make it sound better if you don’t have the science that’s relevant to the new problem. So we need much more investment in safety science.

An admission that vaccine clinical trials are insufficient and that vaccines are approved without adequate safety data. Also admits that vaccines damage children far more than they damage elderly adults:

Dr. Marion Gruber – Director, Office of Vaccines Research and Review Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. FDA – And again as you mentioned pre-licensure clinical trials may not be powered enough. It’s also the subject population that you administer the adjuvant to because we’ve seen data presented to us where an adjuvant, a particular adjuvant added to a vaccine antigen did really nothing when administered to a certain population and usually the elderly, you know, compared to administering the same formulation to younger age strata.

A warning about the lack of vaccine safety monitoring systems around the world:

Dr. Soumya Swaminathan, M.D., Chief Scientist, W.H.O., Pediatrician – I think we cannot overemphasize the fact that we really don’t havevery good safety monitoring systems in many countries, and this adds to the miscommunication and the misapprehensions because we’re not able to give clear-cut answers when people ask questions about the deaths that have occurred due to a particular vaccine…

Here’s an admission that viral fragments don’t work as promised by immunization theory and that it’s the adjuvants which are responsible for the inflammatory response to vaccines. In other words, vaccine science as described by the vaccine establishment, is quackery:

Dr. Martin Howell Friede, Coordinator, Initiative for Vaccine Research, W.H.O. – Without adjuvants, we are not going to have the next generation of vaccines. And many of the vaccines that we do have, ranging from tetanus through to HPV require adjuvants in order for them to work. We do not add adjuvants to vaccines because we want to do so.

An admission that vaccine safety tracking systems don’t even exist and that efforts to build such systems are only just beginning:

Dr. Robert Chen, M.D. – Scientific Director, Brighton Collaboration – [W]e’re really only in the beginning of the era of large data sets where hopefully you could start to kind of harmonize the databases for multiple studies. And there’s actually an initiative underway… Helen there may want to comment on it to try to get more national vaccine safety database linked together so we could start to answer these types of questions that you just raised.

5/8/2019

Open Letter from Dr. Theresa Deisher to Legislators Regarding Fetal Cell DNA in Vaccines

https://www.soundchoice.org/open-letter-to-legislators/

http://archive.is/rGE23

My name is Dr. Theresa Deisher. I am Founder and Lead Scientist at Sound Choice Pharmaceutical Institute, whose mission is to educate the public about vaccine safety, as well as to pressure manufacturers to provide better and safer vaccines for the public. I obtained my doctorate from Stanford University in Molecular and Cellular Physiology in 1990 and completed my post-doctoral work at the University of Washington. My career has been spent in the commercial biotechnology industry, and I have done work from basic biological and drug discovery through clinical development.

I am writing regarding unrefuted scientific facts about fetal DNA contaminants in the Measles-Mumps-Rubella vaccine, which must be made known to lawmakers and the public.

Merck’s MMR II vaccine (as well as the chickenpox, Pentacel ,and all Hep-A containing vaccines) is manufactured using human fetal cell lines and are heavily contaminated with human fetal DNA from the production process. Levels in our children can reach up to 5 ng/ml after vaccination, depending on the age, weight and blood volume of the child. That level is known to activate Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), which can cause autoimmune attacks.

To illustrate the autoimmune capability of very small amounts of fetal DNA, consider this: labor is triggered by fetal DNA from the baby that builds up in the mother’s bloodstream, triggering a massive immune rejection of the baby. This is labor.

It works like this: fetal DNA fragments[i] from a baby with about 300 base pairs in length are found in a pregnant mother’s serum. When they reach between 0.46– 5.08 ng/mL, they trigger labor via the TLR9 mechanism[ii]. The corresponding blood levels are 0.22 ng/ml and 3.12 ng/ml. The fetal DNA levels in a child after being injected with fetal-manufactured vaccines reach the same level that triggers autoimmune rejection of baby by mother.

Anyone who says that the fetal DNA contaminating our vaccines is harmless either does not know anything about immunity and Toll- like receptors or they are not telling the truth.

If fetal DNA can trigger labor (a naturally desired autoimmune reaction), then those same levels in vaccines can trigger autoimmunity in a child. Fragmented fetal DNA contained in vaccines is of similar size, ~215 base pairs.[iii]

This is direct biological evidence that fetal DNA contaminants in vaccines are not in low innocuous amounts. They are a very strong proinflammatory trigger.

Administration of fragments of human fetal (primitive) non-self DNA to a child could generate an immune response that would also cross-react with the child’s own DNA, since the contaminating DNA could have sections of overlap very similar to the child’s own DNA.

Children with autistic disorder have antibodies against human DNA in their circulation that non- autistic children do not have. These antibodies may be involved in autoimmune attacks in autistic children.[iv]

Duke University demonstrated in a recently conducted study that significant improvements in behavior were observed when children with autism spectrum disorder were treated with their own banked autologous cord blood[v]. This treatment clearly shows that most children with autism are not born with it since genetic diseases like Down syndrome or muscular fibrosis cannot be treated with autologous stem cells. Therefore, an environmental trigger, or triggers, introduced to the world around 1980 when autism first began to rise, must be identified and eliminated or reduced in the environment.

>>7838856

Injecting our children with human fetal DNA contaminants bears the risk of causing two well-established pathologies:

1) Insertional mutagenesis: fetal human DNA incorporates into the child’s DNA causing mutations. Gene therapy using small fragment homologous recombination has demonstrated that as low as 1.9 ng/ml of DNA fragments results in insertion into the genome of stem cells in 100% of mice injected[xii]. The levels of human fetal DNA fragments in our children after vaccination with MMR, Varivax (chickenpox) or Hepatitis A containing vaccines reach levels beyond 1.9 ng/ml.

2) Autoimmune disease: fetal human DNA triggers a child’s immune system to attack his/her own body.

An additional concern: retrovirus contamination.

Human endogenous retrovirus K (HERVK) is a contaminant in the measles/mumps/rubella vaccine[xiii].

The presence of both the high level contaminating fetal DNA as well as the HERVK contamination in the MMR vaccine is an unstudied risk with huge implications and dangers for individual and public health.

Solution: Pressure manufacturers to switch back to animal cell line derived rubella vaccines as was successfully done in Japan:

The MMR vaccine manufacturing process needs to be changed to address and eliminate the above risks for the public.

Thank you for your consideration. I will be happy to address any questions you may have concerning the above.

Sincerely,

Theresa A. Deisher, Ph.D.

Low doses of radiation used in medical imaging lead to mutations in cell cultures

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-01/p-ldo010820.php

http://archive.is/maL5V

Discovery that radiation creates breaks that allow in foreign DNA must be confirmed in animal studies

Common medical imaging procedures use low doses of radiation that are believed to be safe. A new study, however, finds that in human cell cultures, these doses create breaks that allow extra bits of DNA to integrate into the chromosome. Roland Kanaar and Alex Zelensky of Erasmus University Medical Center and Oncode Institute and colleagues report these new findings in a study published 16th January in PLOS Genetics.

Scientists have long known that exposing cells to high doses of ionizing radiation generates mutations by creating double-strand breaks that let in external segments of DNA. These extraneous fragments of DNA can occur in the nucleus, left over from natural processes, such as genomic DNA repair and viral infections. In the new study, researchers investigated whether low doses of ionizing radiation have damaging side effects by irradiating human and mouse cells grown in the lab. When they counted the cells that had taken up foreign DNA, they found that low doses of radiation, in the upper range of common diagnostic procedures, create mutations through inserted DNA even more efficiently than the much larger doses studied previously.

While the new results in cell cultures are potentially concerning, the study's authors stress that translating radiation's effects on lab-grown cell cultures to effects in the body is premature. Future experiments using animal models will be necessary to determine the full effects of low-dose radiation, and whether its use in medical imaging has an impact on patient health. If the same phenomenon does occur inside the body, then doctors may need to take into account levels of extraneous DNA, such those resulting from a long-term viral infection, when assessing a patient's risk from a procedure that requires radiation.

"Most molecular radiobiological research is focused on high doses of ionizing radiation relevant to cancer treatment, while effects of physiologically relevant doses of radiation on the cell are notoriously difficult to study at the molecular level," said author Roland Kanaar. "Our discovery that mutagenic insertion of foreign DNA into cell's genome is remarkably responsive to doses encountered during diagnostic, rather than therapeutic, procedures provides a new simple and sensitive tool to study their consequences and revealed surprising molecular genetic details of how cells cope with natural amounts of DNA damage."

>>7839834

Original study

Low dose ionizing radiation strongly stimulates insertional mutagenesis in a γH2AX dependent manner

https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1008550

http://archive.is/SPLYS

1/15/2020

BPA activates immune response in mice that passes down through generations

https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/pressroom/presspacs/2020/acs-presspac-january-15-2019/bpa-activates-immune-response-in-mice-that-passes-down-through-generations.html

http://archive.is/1P96C

Some plastic food and beverage containers still contain bisphenol A (BPA), which can mimic the hormone estrogen. Although experts say that small amounts of BPA detected in foods are unlikely to cause problems, some people worry that constant low-level exposures could have health effects, especially for developing fetuses, infants and children. Now, researchers report in ACS’ Journal of Proteome Research that in mice, BPA activates an immune response that persists for at least three generations.

Epidemiological studies have linked in utero BPA exposure with the onset of childhood asthma. Other studies have shown that treating pregnant mice with the substance induces asthma-like symptoms in the mothers and their pups. To better understand how BPA could trigger allergic asthma, Terumi Midoro-Horiuti, Kangling Zhang and colleagues analyzed the proteins produced by immune cells of BPA-treated pregnant mice, their pups and two generations of mice afterward that had not themselves been exposed to BPA.

Using mass spectrometry, the researchers compared the proteins produced by certain immune cells from BPA-exposed mice and their descendants with those from control mice. In the BPA-exposed mice and subsequent generations, some proteins related to an activated innate immune system –– which plays a key role in antiviral defense and is also related to allergic diseases –– were produced at higher amounts than in control mice. In particular, the BPA-exposed mice and their offspring produced about twice as much of a protein called ZDHHC1, which is also produced at higher levels in response to estrogen. In addition, BPA exposure caused changes in enzymes that modify DNA-binding proteins called histones. That kind of modification can cause heritable changes in gene expression. Therefore, descendants of the original BPA-exposed mice could have inherited changes in DNA expression that cause aberrant immune system activation, even in the absence of BPA, the researchers say.

Full study here:

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00548

http://archive.is/cQsTa

Abstract

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous component in the manufacturing of plastic. It is commonly found in food and beverage containers. Because of its broad exposure and evidence that it may act as an estrogen-like molecule, many have studied its potential effects. For example, epidemiological studies have found an association between in utero BPA exposure and onset of childhood asthma. Our previous work suggested BPA treated mice induced asthma-like symptoms in both mothers and their pups. In order to better understand theconsequences of BPA exposure and potential mechanisms, we used a proteomics approach. Using both CD4+ T cells from an in vivo model of BPA exposure and an in vitro epithelial cell model, we identified activation of both innate and adaptive immune signaling following BPA exposure. Furthermore, our proteomic results from our multigenerational mouse model study implicates aberrant immune activation across several generations. We propose the following; BPA can active an innate viral immune response by upregulating a probable palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC1, and its binding partner stimulator of interferon-gamma (STING). It also has additional histone epigenetic perturbations, suggesting a role for epigenetic inheritance of these immune perturbations.

Fluoride exposure from infant formula and child IQ in a Canadian birth cohort

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412019326145

http://archive.is/IhvQ8

• Consumption of formula reconstituted with fluoridated water can lead to excessive fluoride intake.

• Breastfed infants receive very low intake of fluoride.

• We compared IQ scores in 398 children who were formula-fed versus breastfed during infancy.

• IQ scores were lower with higher levels of fluoride in tap water.

• The effect was more pronounced among formula-fed children, especially for nonverbal skills.

Methods

We examined 398 mother-child dyads in the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals cohort who reported drinking tap water. We estimated water fluoride concentration using municipal water reports. We used linear regression to analyze the association between fluoride exposure and IQ scores, measured by the Wechsler Primary and Preschool Scale of Intelligence-III at 3–4?years. We examined whether feeding status (breast-fed versus formula-fed) modified the impact of water fluoride and if fluoride exposure during fetal development attenuated this effect. A second model estimated the association between fluoride intake from formula and child IQ.

Results

Thirty-eight percent of mother-child dyads lived in fluoridated communities. An increase of 0.5?mg/L in water fluoride concentration (approximately equaling the difference between fluoridated and non-fluoridated regions) corresponded to a 9.3- and 6.2-point decrement in Performance IQ among formula-fed (95% CI: -13.77, -4.76) and breast-fed children (95% CI: -10.45, -1.94). The association between water fluoride concentration and Performance IQ remained significant after controlling for fetal fluoride exposure among formula-fed (B?=?-7.93, 95% CI: -12.84, -3.01) and breastfed children (B?=?-6.30, 95% CI: -10.92, -1.68). A 0.5?mg increase in fluoride intake from infant formula corresponded to an 8.8-point decrement in Performance IQ (95% CI: -14.18, -3.34) and this association remained significant after controlling for fetal fluoride exposure (B?=?-7.62, 95% CI: -13.64, -1.60).

Conclusions

Exposure to increasing levels of fluoride in tap water was associated with diminished non-verbal intellectual abilities; the effect was more pronounced among formula-fed children.

(this is not a flood)

01/20/2020

Immune discovery 'may treat all cancer'

https://www.bbc.com/news/health-51182451

http://archive.is/Vt8nP

A newly-discovered part of our immune system could be harnessed to treat all cancers, say scientists.

The Cardiff University team discovered a method of killing prostate, breast, lung and other cancers in lab tests.

The findings, published in Nature Immunology, have not been tested in patients, but the researchers say they have "enormous potential".

Experts said that although the work was still at an early stage, it was very exciting.

What have they found?

Our immune system is our body's natural defence against infection, but it also attacks cancerous cells.

The scientists were looking for "unconventional" and previously undiscovered ways the immune system naturally attacks tumours.

What they found was a T-cell inside people's blood. This is an immune cell that can scan the body to assess whether there is a threat that needs to be eliminated.

The difference is this one could attack a wide range of cancers.

"There's a chance here to treat every patient," researcher Prof Andrew Sewell told the BBC.

He added: "Previously nobody believed this could be possible.

"It raises the prospect of a 'one-size-fits-all' cancer treatment, a single type of T-cell that could be capable of destroying many different types of cancers across the population."

How does it work?

T-cells have "receptors" on their surface that allow them to "see" at a chemical level.

The Cardiff team discovered a T-cell and its receptor that could find and kill a wide range of cancerous cells in the lab including lung, skin, blood, colon, breast, bone, prostate, ovarian, kidney and cervical cancer cells.

Crucially, it left normal tissues untouched.

Exactly how it does this is still being explored.

This particular T-cell receptor interacts with a molecule called MR1, which is on the surface of every cell in the human body.

It is thought MR1 is flagging the distorted metabolism going on inside a cancerous cell to the immune system.

"We are the first to describe a T-cell that finds MR1 in cancer cells - that hasn't been done before, this is the first of its kind," research fellow Garry Dolton told the BBC.

…

>>7864929

Original sauce

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41590-019-0578-8

http://archive.is/IFta9

Genome-wide CRISPR–Cas9 screening reveals ubiquitous T cell cancer targeting via the monomorphic MHC class I-related protein MR1

Abstract

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-independent, T cell–mediated targeting of cancer cells would allow immune destruction of malignancies in all individuals. Here, we use genome-wide CRISPR–Cas9 screening to establish that a T cell receptor (TCR) recognized and killed most human cancer types via the monomorphic MHC class I-related protein, MR1, while remaining inert to noncancerous cells. Unlike mucosal-associated invariant T cells, recognition of target cells by the TCR was independent of bacterial loading. Furthermore, concentration-dependent addition of vitamin B-related metabolite ligands of MR1 reduced TCR recognition of cancer cells, suggesting that recognition occurred via sensing of the cancer metabolome. An MR1-restricted T cell clone mediated in vivo regression of leukemia and conferred enhanced survival of NSG mice. TCR transfer to T cells of patients enabled killing of autologous and nonautologous melanoma. These findings offer opportunities for HLA-independent, pan-cancer, pan-population immunotherapies.

…

>>7864930

23/1/2020

Women taking hormonal contraceptives have reduced perseverance on cognitive tasks, study finds

https://www.psypost.org/2020/01/women-taking-hormonal-contraceptives-have-reduced-perseverance-on-cognitive-tasks-study-finds-55347

http://archive.is/2NCjl

New research provides more evidence that hormonal birth control pills can negatively impact women’s cognitive performance. The study, published in the journal Hormones and Behavior, found that women taking contraceptive pills tend to have reduced perseverance when completing both simple and complex cognitive tasks.

“My colleagues and I first became interested in this topic after learning that women taking hormonal contraceptives don’t experience a spike in cortisol that is typically found after one encounters a stressor. While people usually talk about cortisol as a bad thing, this cortisol spike allows people to adequately meet challenges in their environment,” explained Hannah K. Bradshaw (@HKBradshaw), a PhD candidate in Experimental Psychology at Texas Christian University and corresponding author of the study.

“After we started looking through the literature, we also found that, compared to non-users, women taking hormonal contraceptives exhibit decrements in brain areas that play an important role in learning, attention, and memory.”

“For instance, compared to non-users, women taking hormonal contraceptives have decreased hippocampal volume. This led us to wonder whether hormonal contraceptive use is associated with differences in perseverance and performance on simple and challenging cognitive tasks that one might encounter in their day-to-day lives.”

In two studies, 324 female undergraduates completed various cognitive tests as the researchers timed them. Roughly half of the participants had been on hormonal birth control for at least two months, while the remainder had not used hormonal birth control for at least three months.

…

In the first study, participants completed a simple spot-the-difference task in which they were shown two similar images and asked to find 10 subtle differences. In the second study, participants completed more complex mathematical problems and word scramble problems from the Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) test.

The researchers found that women on hormonal birth control tended to spend less time on the problems, which in turn was associated with their relatively worse performance on all of the cognitive tasks.

…

“The major takeaway here is that hormonal contraceptive use carries a myriad of consequences beyond mere pregnancy prevention; additional research is desperately needed to more fully understand what these consequences may be.”

…

The findings may have important implications for women, but the real-world impact of decreased perseverance is unclear. Future research is needed to help “understand how hormonal contraceptive use might influence women’s perseverance in their education, careers, and relationships,” Bradshaw said.

“My colleagues and I don’t have an anti-birth control agenda. By enabling women to take control of their fertility, hormonal contraceptives have helped women meet their educational and career goals,” she added.

“However, it’s important that we understand the unintended consequences associated with hormonal contraceptive use. Millions of women worldwide take hormonal contraceptives. While several women complain about negative emotional and mental side effects, their concerns are largely written off. We need to be less cavalier with women’s health and women’s hormones.”

>>7911808

Original study:

Hormonal contraceptive use predicts decreased perseverance and therefore performance on some simple and challenging cognitive tasks

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0018506X19304593

http://archive.is/gbYbD

Highlights

• Time spent on cognitive tasks varies based on hormonal contraceptive use.

• Women taking hormonal contraceptive spend less time on cognitive tasks.

• Naturally-cycling women spend more time on cognitive tasks.

• Differences in time spent are found across both simple and challenging cognitive tasks.

• Spending less time on cognitive tasks predicts performance decrements.

Abstract

A growing body of research suggests that hormonal contraceptive (HC) use may be associated with lower self-control, as well as structural and functional differences in women's brains that could contribute to differences in perseverance on tasks requiring cognitive control. Here, we sought to extend this research by examining the relationship between HC use and college-aged women's perseverance (i.e., time spent) and performance on tasks requiring cognitive control. Across two studies, we find that, compared to naturally-cycling women, women using HCs display less perseverance on both simple (i.e., a spot-the-difference game) and challenging (i.e., Graduate Record Examination quantitative problems) tasks. Moreover, these differences in perseverance were found to predict performance decrements across tasks, with women taking HCs performing worse because they spent less time on the tasks. By demonstrating how HC use may influence perseverance and thereby performance, these results contribute to a growing body of research examining the unintended implications of HC use on cognition, learning, and memory.

Vitamin D helps fend off flu, asthma attacks: study

https://www.reuters.com/article/us-vitamind-study/vitamin-d-helps-fend-off-flu-asthma-attacks-study-idUSTRE62I3MK20100319

http://archive.is/opXOe

In a study of Japanese schoolchildren, vitamin D supplements taken during the winter and early spring helped prevent seasonal flu and asthma attacks.

The idea for the study, study chief Dr. Mitsuyoshi Urashima, told Reuters Health, came from an earlier study looking at whether vitamin D could help prevent the bone-thinning disease osteoporosis. The researchers in that study noticed that people taking vitamin D were three times less likely to report cold and flu symptoms.

This led Urashima, of Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, and colleagues to randomly assign a group of 6- to 15-year-old children to take vitamin D3 supplements (1,200 international units daily) or inactive placebo during a cold and flu season.

Vitamin D3, or cholecalciferol, is more readily absorbed by the body and more potent than vitamin D2, or ergocalciferol, the form often found in multivitamins.

During the study, conducted between December 2008 and March 2009, 31 of 167 children taking placebo caught influenza A, the most common form of the virus, compared with only 18 of 167 taking vitamin D.

The vitamin D group was 58 percent less likely to catch influenza A, the researchers report in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.

Vitamin D also appeared to suppress asthma attacks in children with a history of asthma. Two children taking vitamin D had asthma attacks during the study, compared to 12 children taking placebo. Urashima admitted to being a bit surprised by this finding and hopes to confirm it in a randomized trial targeting children with asthma.

…

02/15/2017

Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory tract infections: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data

https://www.bmj.com/content/356/bmj.i6583

http://archive.is/SuTRC

Objectives

To assess the overall effect of vitamin D supplementation on risk of acute respiratory tract infection, and to identify factors modifying this effect.

Design

Systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data (IPD) from randomised controlled trials.

Data sources

Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trials Number registry from inception to December 2015.

Eligibility criteria for study selection

Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trials of supplementation with vitamin D3 or vitamin D2 of any duration were eligible for inclusion if they had been approved by a research ethics committee and if data on incidence of acute respiratory tract infection were collected prospectively and prespecified as an efficacy outcome.

Results

25 eligible randomised controlled trials (total 11?321 participants, aged 0 to 95 years) were identified. IPD were obtained for 10?933 (96.6%) participants. Vitamin D supplementation reduced the risk of acute respiratory tract infection among all participants (adjusted odds ratio 0.88, 95% confidence interval 0.81 to 0.96; P for heterogeneity <0.001). In subgroup analysis, protective effects were seen in those receiving daily or weekly vitamin D without additional bolus doses (adjusted odds ratio 0.81, 0.72 to 0.91) but not in those receiving one or more bolus doses (adjusted odds ratio 0.97, 0.86 to 1.10; P for interaction=0.05). Among those receiving daily or weekly vitamin D, protective effects were stronger in those with baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels <25 nmol/L (adjusted odds ratio 0.30, 0.17 to 0.53) than in those with baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels =25 nmol/L (adjusted odds ratio 0.75, 0.60 to 0.95; P for interaction=0.006). Vitamin D did not influence the proportion of participants experiencing at least one serious adverse event (adjusted odds ratio 0.98, 0.80 to 1.20, P=0.83). The body of evidence contributing to these analyses was assessed as being of high quality.

Conclusions

Vitamin D supplementation was safe and it protected against acute respiratory tract infection overall. Patients who were very vitamin D deficient and those not receiving bolus doses experienced the most benefit.

04/23/2019

Assessment of Glyphosate Induced Epigenetic Transgenerational Inheritance of Pathologies and Sperm Epimutations: Generational Toxicology

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-42860-0

http://archive.is/JLMkA

Abstract

Ancestral environmental exposures to a variety of factors and toxicants have been shown to promote the epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of adult onset disease. One of the most widely used agricultural pesticides worldwide is the herbicide glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine), commonly known as Roundup. There are an increasing number of conflicting reports regarding the direct exposure toxicity (risk) of glyphosate, but no rigorous investigations on the generational actions. The current study using a transient exposure of gestating F0 generation female rats found negligible impacts of glyphosate on the directly exposed F0 generation, or F1 generation offspring pathology. In contrast, dramatic increases in pathologies in the F2 generation grand-offspring, and F3 transgenerational great-grand-offspring were observed. The transgenerational pathologies observed include prostate disease, obesity, kidney disease, ovarian disease, and parturition (birth) abnormalities. Epigenetic analysis of the F1, F2 and F3 generation sperm identified differential DNA methylation regions (DMRs). A number of DMR associated genes were identified and previously shown to be involved in pathologies. Therefore, we propose glyphosate can induce the transgenerational inheritance of disease and germline (e.g. sperm) epimutations. Observations suggest the generational toxicology of glyphosate needs to be considered in the disease etiology of future generations.

Results

Analysis of the transgenerational actions of glyphosate used outbred Sprague Dawley female rats (F0 generation) transiently exposed (25 mg/kg body weight glyphosate daily) during days 8 to 14 of gestation. This is half the NOAEL exposure of 50 mg/kg/day10, and due to rapid metabolism turnover would lead to a decreased (5–10 mg/kg) dose during the transient exposure period. The F1 generation animals (direct fetal exposure) were bred within the lineage to generate the F2 generation (direct germline exposure), which were bred to generate the F3 generation (transgenerational, no direct exposure). A control lineage used F0 generation gestating females administered vehicle control dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The control and glyphosate lineages were aged to 1 year and euthanized for pathology and sperm epigenetic analysis. No sibling or cousin breeding (crosses) was used in order to avoid any inbreeding artifacts in either the control or glyphosate lineages. Generally, 6–8 founder gestating females from different litters were bred, and 5 animals of each sex from each litter used to generate 25–50 individuals of each sex for each generation for analysis, as previously described. Therefore, litter bias was negligible, and the full spectrum of pathology within the generation and lineage was assessed.

…

Conclusions

In summary, glyphosate was found to promote the epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of disease and pathology through germline (i.e. sperm) epimutations. Negligible pathology was observed in the F0 and F1 generations, while a significant increase in pathology and disease was observed in the F2 generation grand-offspring and F3 generation great-grand-offspring. Therefore, glyphosate appears to have a low or negligible toxic risk for direct exposure, but promotes generational toxicology in future generations. Observations suggest generational toxicology needs to be incorporated into the risk assessment of glyphosate and all other potential toxicants, as previously described. The ability of glyphosate and other environmental toxicants to impact our future generations needs to be considered, and is potentially as important as the direct exposure toxicology done today for risk assessment.

>>7981708

PDF

I like games that R fun!

bump

bump

02/22/2020

Microdosed LSD: Finally A Breakthrough For Alzheimer’s Disease?

https://www.forbes.com/sites/abbierosner/2020/02/21/microdosed-lsd-may-finally-be-the-breakthrough-for-alzheimers-disease/

http://archive.is/lZKpl

…

According to Shlomi Raz, CEO and founder of biomedical startup, Eleusis, the problem with conventional, single-target approaches to Alzheimer’s is that they don’t take into account the multiple dysregulated processes in the disease’s complex pathobiology.

And Raz’s company’s approach to the disease is anything but conventional.

Eleusis is investigating the anti-inflammatory potential of psychedelics as medicines, specifically the application of sub-perceptual doses of LSD in halting the progression of Alzheimer’s disease at its earliest detectable stage.

…

Also, being an outsider to pharmaceuticals and biotechnology, I didn't realize that serotonin 2A receptors were an anti-target for purposes of development - because no sane drug developer would think to target a receptor that could give rise to profound psychoactive effects.

But I read the work of Professor Charles Nichols at Louisiana State University, who found that some psychedelics potently reduced inflammation at levels that would be predicted not to be psychoactive or even perceptible, via activation of the serotonin 2A receptor, which besides being expressed in the brain, is also highly expressed throughout the body. And this got me very excited.

I continued to dig into the literature, and found that the same receptor that mediates the psychoactivity of psychedelics is also implicated in the effects these compounds have in terms of providing protection against oxidative stress, enhancing neuroplasticity, and alleviating depression and anxiety. And because these compounds are anti-inflammatory, they address a constellation of dysregulated functions in aging.

Digging further, I found research indicating that this receptor, if it was engaged by a psychedelic drug, would also reduce the amount of toxic amyloid that was produced in an organism. And I thought that was interesting, because at the time, and certainly for the prior decade, amyloid was the primary target for Alzheimer's disease.

…

AR: In the meantime, it seems like we are starting to see a shift in the public perception of psychedelic drugs and a growing recognition of their therapeutic potential. So maybe your timing is also serendipitous.

SR: I certainly hope so, for the sake of the patients and their families. There is such an incredible unmet need. I have family who suffered through dementia, and I think almost everyone has.

Conventional drug development will continue down a path of single target therapeutics. But if we’re right, and you need a multi-target therapeutic to beat Alzheimer’s, LSD may be the best one we've got.

>>7823950

https://www.dr-rath-foundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Vaccine-booklet-final-2019.pdf (booklet)

Dr. M. Rath, M.D. , Dr. A. Niedzweicki Ph.D. & ms. P. Boulikas; Can we make our vaccines safer?; November 8th, 2019

Any questions or additional info re: making vaccines safer?

Why is my post about microdose LSD treatment gone?

What the fuck is going on.

>>8266812

Now it's back again.

8 seems to be a bit broken right now.

The HighWire with Del Bigtree

Coronavirus: the hidden danger revealed

(most is about vaccines, tons of important information)

Will get the studies out of it and post them separately on here too.

What if cancer is a symptom of evolution being slow?

Inviting you into a rabbithole I'm in right now, can't make own thread cause I'm onionfagging.

Here my shitty short version:

(cont)

>>8310222

(cont)

Five biological laws of nature

===

If those laws are correct, diseases are symptoms of evolution being behind on our rapid modern developments and our body going crazy based on deprecated survival strategies.

This defines a diagnosis system to understand what the body is trying to accomplish. It won't work for malnutrition, poisoning or physical injuries of any kind, just apparent malfunctions started by the body itself.

Law Five: We're the result of evolution

—

Evolution is the universal long term development to discover the optimal lifeform, over millenia slowly dividing random changes into inferior and survivor.

In nature it's just rest for the night and survive for the day. Except when you suddenly need to survive something really fast: Escape a predator, save your offspring, find a new food source, etc. Stay awake developing working survival strategies, you'll have time to rest when you've survived. Internalize your successes so you only have to survive a new danger once. This process is biologically hardcoded.

This works in the eat or be eaten environment but when you take just a few centuries to reach modern society, evolution hasn't remotely caught up yet.

Law One: Triggering the need for survival programs

—

Our instincts still work the same: No thinking, just the animal inside reading the situation. Survive if situation is:

• Acutely dramatic. Your literal life is at stake.

• Unexpected. No time for planning.

• Isolative. You alone are in this.

Reality doesn't matter, just what situation your inner beast identifies, no one else can tell you what it's trying to protect you from.

Example: Two people get fired, one of them loses their livelihood, the other their territory. They need to survive different dangers.

After this starting point, you're in survival mode:

• Psyche: Your thoughts focus on the problem to be solved.

• Organ: You turn the functions needed up.

• Brain: Relays the constellation.

Those three are in parallel, mirrors of each other. Knowing one can be used to figure out the others.

You either fail and die or survive and remember the circumstances so the dangers return can be identified. So there's three reasons to start a survial program:

• First time events

• Repetitions

• Tracks: Similar circumstances to the danger situation are detected.

Law Two: Shifting your activity cycle towards problem solving

—

The normal cycle is to work during the day and to rest during the night. This is healthily balanced. But when you're surviving, you work overtime, avoiding rest. Once finished, you take vacation and get back to normality.

So between phases of normal life, the shifts in detail:

1. Activity: Solving the problem.

* Psyche thinks about the problem.

* Organ responsible alters itself to work better.

* Brain relays everything.

* Organism survives or literally works itself to death.

1. Passivity A: The problem is solved.

* Psyche can think freely.

* Organ and brain go into maintenance to reverse alterations. Think construction site. Involves storing water.

1. Epileptic Crisis: Maintenance Cleanup.

* Psyche shortly recaps the problem.

* Organ shortly has activity similar to activity phase.

* Brain releases stored water.

1. Passivity B: Return to normality.

* Psyche returns to normal thinking.

* Organ and brain finish maintenance, evidence remains.

Never was any part of the body sick or malfunctioning, nothing broken or healing, evolutionarily every step made total sense to survive.

In nature, death or survival happen quickly. In modern times, to reuse the example, finding a new job takes time. Depending on how badly your inner beast feels it needs to survive, you can die of extreme shifts: You find masses of overload cells and call them tumor. Influences like medicine can form the curve. Extend the time period to soften the symptoms. Intensify it to get it done earlier. The conflict mass stays the same.

Law Three: Mapping evolutionarily developed function to alterations

—

There's three embryonic germ layers evolved starting with microorganisms just eating to animals having a social structure:

• Increase of function in active phase, reduction in passive

* Endoderm relayed by the brainstem.

* Old mesoderm relayed by the cerebellum.

• Reduction of function in active phase, increase in passive

* New mesoderm relayed by the cerebral medulla.

* Ectoderm relayed by the cerebral cortex.

Mapping the exact location, tissue and alteration on a cellular level lets you know what sort of biological conflict currently is in which phase according to law two.

(cont)

>>8310228

(cont)

Law Four: Symbiotic relationship with microbes

—

Fungi, bacteria and viruses are helpers to get the work done. Blaming them is like blaming the fire brigade for arson because they're seen around burning houses.

Scientific history

—

The late Dr. med. Ryke Geerd Hamer originally published this as part of his "Germanic New Medicine" but used subjective phrasings like "Healing Phase" and included his whole world view.

Law one is subjective so there's little opportunity to apply the scientific method outside of verifying the theory by observing your own life.

Sources

—

• https://www.disease-is-different.com/

* https://web.archive.org/web/20190824010403/https://www.disease-is-different.com/

* https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtRqkFKwN0D1HQrvJ78Qzci8GJ5jOFo2q

• https://www.5bn.de/

* https://web.archive.org/web/20191210122447/https://www.5bn.de/

* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z57uBCcOdvI

While researching the five laws, I avoided GNM-sources until I felt I got the basics down. I humbly suggest you do the same.

Bump

CURE NEWS: 03/16/2020

Existing antibiotic found to take out the root cause of Lyme disease

https://newatlas.com/medical/lyme-disease-antibiotic-cause-treatment/

http://archive.is/gQftT

Lyme disease is an infectious condition spread by ticks that affects as many as 300,000 people in the US every year, according to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Today's treatment is largely effective in treating the infection, but a good portion of patients do not respond and go on to endure lingering symptoms. A new study has revealed that an already-approved antibiotic can completely eliminate the underlying bacteria that causes the disease in mice, offering new hope of a more comprehensive therapy for humans.

While the standard antibiotics used to treat Lyme disease do the job for the majority of patients, somewhere between 10 and 20 percent go on to experience its symptoms. These include muscle pain, fatigue, fever, headaches and heart problems. There are couple of theories for why this might be.

“Some researchers think this may be due to drug-tolerant bacteria living in the body and continuing to cause disease,” said study author Jayakumar Rajadas. “Others believe it’s an immune disorder caused by bacteria during the first exposure, which causes a perpetual inflammation condition. Whatever the cause, the pain for patients is still very real.”

So the search is on for a treatment that kills off the disease in all recipients, and the scientists at Stanton have been working toward this aim for six years, screening around 8,000 different chemical compounds to build a list of candidates that were then tested in the lab and in mice. The one they have landed on is called azlocillin, and while it is not yet on the market, it has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.

The team found that of all the drugs they screened and tested, azlocillin proved most effective at killing off the bacteria that causes Lyme disease, called Borrelia burgdorferi. This was revealed through experiments in mice, where the animals were administered the drug at 7-, 14- and 21-day intervals and it completely killed off the infection. Significantly, the drug also proved effective in killing off drug-tolerant forms of B. burgdorferi in lab dishes.

“This compound is just amazing,” said Rajadas. “It clears the infection without a lot of side effects. We are hoping to repurpose it as an oral treatment for Lyme disease.”

The researchers have patented the compound for the treatment of Lyme disease and are working toward commercialization, with the next step being to conduct clinical trials.

The research was published in the journal Scientific Reports.

>>8440794

https://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2020/03/potential-treatment-for-lingering-lyme-disease.html

http://archive.is/7ghDP

Potential treatment for Lyme disease kills bacteria that may cause lingering symptoms, study finds

Screening thousands of drugs, Stanford scientists determined that in mice, azlocillin, an antibiotic approved by the Food and Drug Administration, eliminated the bacteria that causes Lyme disease.

For decades, the routine treatment for Lyme disease has been standard antibiotics, which usually kill off the infection. But for up to 20% of people with the tick-borne illness, the antibiotics don’t work, and lingering symptoms of muscle pain, fatigue and cognitive impairment can continue for years — sometimes indefinitely.

A new Stanford Medicine study in lab dishes and mice provides evidence that the drug azlocillin completely kills off the disease-causing bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi at the onset of the illness. The study suggests it could also be effective for treating patients infected with drug-tolerant bacteria that may cause lingering symptoms.

“This compound is just amazing,” said Jayakumar Rajadas, PhD, assistant professor of medicine and director of the Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory at the Stanford School of Medicine. “It clears the infection without a lot of side effects. We are hoping to repurpose it as an oral treatment for Lyme disease.” Rajadas is the senior author of the study, which was published online March 2 in Scientific Reports. The lead author is research associate Venkata Raveendra Pothineni, PhD.

“We have been screening potential drugs for six years,” Pothineni said. “We’ve screened almost 8,000 chemical compounds. We have tested 50 molecules in the dish. The most effective and safest molecules were tested in animal models. Along the way, I’ve met many people suffering with this horrible, lingering disease. Our main goal is to find the best compound for treating patients and stop this disease.”

…

>>8440871

Hunting for alternative drug

Frustrated by the lack of treatment options for Lyme disease patients with lingering symptoms, Rajadas and his team began hunting for a better alternative in 2011. In 2016, they published a study in Drug Design, Development and Therapy that listed 20 chemical compounds, from about 4,000, that were most effective at killing the infection in mice. All 20 had been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for various uses. One, for instance, is used to treat alcohol abuse disorder.

In this most recent study, azlocillin, one of the top-20 contenders, was shown to eclipse a total of 7,450 compounds because it is more effective in killing B. burgdorferi and causes fewer side effects. Lyme disease affects more than 300,000 people annually, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. It can affect various organs, including the brain, skin, heart, joints and nervous system, and cause heart problems and arthritis if untreated. Symptoms include fever, headaches, chills, and muscle and joint pain.

Traditional antibiotics, such as doxycycline, are effective as an early course of treatment for the infection in the majority of patients, but it remains unclear why these drugs fail to treat 10% to 20% of patients, Rajadas said.

“Some researchers think this may be due to drug-tolerant bacteria living in the body and continuing to cause disease,” said Rajadas, who is also a member of the Lyme Disease Working Group at Stanford. “Others believe it’s an immune disorder caused by bacteria during the first exposure, which causes a perpetual inflammation condition. Whatever the cause, the pain for patients is still very real.”

Azlocillin comes out on top

The drug, which is not on the market, was tested in mouse models of Lyme disease at seven-day, 14-day and 21-day intervals and found to eliminate the infection. For the first time, azlocillin was also shown to be effective in killing drug-tolerant forms of B. burgdorferi in lab dishes, indicating that it may work as a therapy for lingering symptoms of Lyme disease.

A researcher at Loyola College in India also contributed to the work.

The study was funded by the Bay Area Lyme Foundation and Laurel STEM Fund.

>>8440794

>>8440871

Original study:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-59600-4

http://archive.is/jBYvq

Azlocillin can be the potential drug candidate against drug-tolerant Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto JLB31

Results

Eradication of B. burgdorferi persisters by Azlocillin and Cefotaxime

In the present study, we first assessed the potency of azlocillin and cefotaxime against B. burgdorferi in dose dependent manner in both log and also stationary phase cultures of B. burgdorferi along with standard Lyme antibiotic (doxycycline). We used mitomycin C as a positive control and determined viability by colony forming unit (CFU) counts throughout the entire study19. Our results showed that the both tested antibiotics, cefotaxime at high concentration 40 μg/ml and azlocillin at very low concentration 2.5 μg/ml could able to completely (100%) kill log phase culture of B. burgdorferi respectively (Fig. 1A). Similarly, azlocillin at 20 μg/ml concentration also eliminated stationary phase B. burgdorferi persisters completely. However, cefotaxime at highest concentration of 80 μg/ml could able to kill (80%) of the stationary phase B. burgdorferi persisters (Fig. 1B). More importantly, cefotaxime at increased concentrations from 20 to 80 μg/ml did not vary much in killing of a small persister fraction of surviving cells. The doxycycline, a bacteriostatic couldn’t able to kill both the log phase and stationary phase B. burgdorferi cultures at higher concentrations of 80 μg/ml. More than 1000 stationary phase cells were survived at doxycycline concentration of 80 μg/ml. The mitomycin C at 1.25 µg/ml concentration killed B. burgdorferi both in log and stationary phase persisters as reported earlier19.

…..

PDF attached